托福阅读长难句句子分析汇总
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托福阅读长难句：湖泊蓄水层的储量
原文：
Estimates indicate that the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron, but unfortunately, under the semiarid climatic conditions that presently exist in the region, rates of addition to the aquifer are minimal, amounting to about half a centimeter a year.
参考翻译：
估计表明：蓄水层包含充足的水去填满Huron湖。但很不幸，在目前这个地区半干旱气候条件下，蓄水层的补水率很小，总计大约一年50毫米。
词汇讲解：
aquifer /'?kw?f?/ n. 含水土层
semiarid /?sem(a)?'?r?d/ adj. 半干旱的
结构划分：
Estimates indicate (that the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron), but unfortunately, (under the semiarid climatic conditions) (that presently exist in the region), rates of addition to the aquifer are minimal, (amounting to about half a centimeter a year.)
解析：
修饰一：(under the semiarid climatic conditions)，介词短语，修饰后面红色主干部分
中文：在半干旱气候条件下
修饰二：(that presently exist in the region)，从句，修饰conditions
中文：现在存在于这个地区
修饰三：(amounting to about half a centimeter a year. ) ，非谓语动词，修饰前面红色主干
中文：总计大约一年50毫米
主干：rates ofaddition to the aquifer are minimal
中文：蓄水层的补水率很小
托福阅读长难句：甘薯的来源考据
原文：
As Patrick Kirch, an American anthropologist, points out, rather than being brought by rafting South Americans, sweet potatoes might just have easily been brought back by returning Polynesian navigators who could have reached the west coast of South America.
翻译：
正如美国人类学家Patrick Kirch所指出的，甘薯并不是南美人用筏运来的，而是通过已经去过南美西海岸的玻利尼西亚返航者很方便就带来了。
以上就是托福阅读中长难句的训练分析介绍，希望大家能够学到有效的训练和提升方法，让自己更为轻松地面对长难句得到高分。
词汇讲解：
anthropologist /?nθr?'p?l?d??st/ n. 人类学家
rather than prep. 而不是
raft /rɑ?ft/ n. 筏 v. 用筏子载运(人或货物)
navigator /'n?v?ge?t?/ n. 航行者，航海者;领航员，导航员;导航仪
结构划分：
As Patrick Kirch, (an American anthropologist), points out, (rather than being brought by rafting South Americans), sweet potatoes might just have easily been brought back (by returning Polynesian navigators) (who could have reached the west coast of South America.)
解析：
修饰一：(an American anthropologist)，同位语，修饰Patrick Kirch
中文：美国人类学家
修饰二：(rather than being brought byrafting South Americans)，介词短语，rather than是托福阅读里一个高频短语，大家记住它是一个介词，表示“而不是”
中文：不是南美人用筏运来的
修饰三：(by returning Polynesiannavigators)，介词短语，修饰bringback
中文：玻利尼西亚返航者
修饰四：(who could have reached the westcoast of South America. ) ，从句，修饰navigators
中文：已经去过南美西海岸
主干：swee官方真题Officialtatoes might just have easily been brought back
托福阅读长难句：大气引擎的设计优缺点
原文：
This “atmospheric engine,” invented by Thomas Savery and vastly improved by his partner, Thomas Newcomen, embodied revolutionary principles, but it was so slow and wasteful of fuel that it could not be employed outside the coal mines for which it had been designed.
翻译：
这个由Thomas Savery发明并由他的搭档Thomas Newcomen大力改善的“大气引擎”体现了革命性的原理，但它如此慢和浪费燃料以致于不能再煤矿的以外的地方使用，尽管原来是这么设计的。
以上就是托福阅读中长难句的训练分析介绍，希望大家能够学到有效的训练和提升方法，让自己更为轻松地面对长难句得到高分。
词汇讲解：
embody /?m'b?d?/ v. 体现(想法﹑ 感情等)，使(想法﹑ 感情等)具体化;包括或含有某物
revolutionary /'r?v?'l???'n?ri/ adj. 革命的
employ = make use of sb/sth 使用
结构划分：
This “atmospheric engine,” (invented by Thomas Savery and vastly improved by his partner, Thomas Newcomen,) embodied revolutionary principles, but it was so slow and wasteful of fuel (that it could not be employed outside the coal mines) (for which it had been designed.)
解析：
修饰一：(invented by Thomas Savery and vastly improved by his partner, Thomas Newcomen,) ，插入语，修饰this “atmospheric engine”，大家注意这里的断句，This “atmospheric engine” embodied revolutionary principles被隔开了，断句很重要
中文：由Thomas Savery发明并由他的搭档Thomas Newcomen大力改善的
修饰二：(that it could not be employed outside the coal mines) ，从句，so…that结构
中文：不能在煤矿的以外的地方使用
修饰三：(for which it had been designed.) ，从句，修饰coal mines
中文：引擎被设计
托福阅读长难句：水利驱动的局限性
Only the last of these was suited at all to the continuous operating of machines, and although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills, it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed where nature intended them to, and water-driven factories had to be located on their banks whether or not the location was desirable for other reasons.
结构划分：
Only the last of these was suited at all to the continuous operating of machines, and (although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills),it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed (where nature intended them to), and water-driven factories had to be located on their banks (whether or not the location was desirable for other reasons.)
翻译：
只有最后一种完全适合持续运转的机器，虽然水力在Lancashire和Scotland十分丰富，能够运转谷物厂和纺织厂，但它有一个缺点：水的流向是自然决定的，所以水力驱动的工厂不得不位于河岸边，而不管这个位置由于其他原因是否合理。
以上就是托福阅读中长难句的训练分析介绍，希望大家能够学到有效的训练和提升方法，让自己更为轻松地面对长难句得到高分。
解析
修饰一：(although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills) ，从句
中文：虽然水力在Lancashire和Scotland十分丰富，能够运转谷物厂和纺织厂
修饰二：(where nature intended them to) ，从句
中文：水的流向是自然决定的
修饰三：(whether or not the location wasdesirable for other reasons.) ，从句
中文：而不管这个位置由于其他原因是否合理
托福阅读长难句：猴子的社会行为
Learning appropriate social behaviors is especially important for species that live in groups, like young monkeys that needed to learn to control selfishness and aggression and to understand the give-and-take involved in social groups.
翻译
学习适当的社会行为特别重要，尤其是对于群居动物，比如猴子，它们需要学会控制自己的自私和攻击性，学会懂得在社会群体中互相忍让。
解析
本句的主句是Learning appropriate social behaviors is especially important for species。主句之后有两个定语从句，首先是that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的species。而句中的like young moneys则是举例，在这个举例后有that引导的第二个定语从句，修饰前面的monkeys。
词汇
give-and-take作名词，表示“互相忍让”，比如：In any relationship there always has to be some give-and-take. 在任何关系中，总是必须有一些互相忍让。
involve作动词，表示“包含;牵涉”，是写作中可以经常使用的词汇，比如：Every day each of us makes decisions that involve taking a chance. 我们每个人每天做出的决定都包含碰运气的成分。These changes will involve everyone on the staff. 这些变化将涉及每个职员。
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