考研英语单词笔记
翻硕复习的一大重头戏就是词汇,而词汇量是巨大的,必须要有日常的积累和复习,并且掌握科学的记忆方法,才能最有效地积累词汇量。下面是关于英语词汇的学习笔记以供大家参考。
(1)
1 aghast(adj)(尤作表语) ~ at sth 惊恐,惊奇
He stood aghast at the terrible sight。他被那可怕的景象吓呆了。
★ astonished(adj)(通常做表语)感到惊讶,吃惊
She looked astonished when she heard the news。她听到那消息时显得很吃惊。
◎ astonishing(adj)使人惊讶的,惊人的
I find it quite astonishing that none of you like the play。我感到惊讶的是你们谁都不喜欢那个剧目。 There was an astonishing number of applicants of the job。申请这份工作的人数多的惊人。 astonish(vt)使某人惊讶,吃惊,震惊
The news astonished everyone。这个消息使大家感到吃惊。
astonishment(n)惊讶,惊奇
2、cumber(v)阻碍,拖累
We could not cumber our thought with his reproaches。我们不会因为他的谴责而妨碍我们的想法。
★ hinder(vt) ~ sth/sb from sth/doing sth 阻碍,妨碍某人某事物的进展,阻挠或耽误某人某 事物。
Production was hindered by lack of materials。由于缺乏原料,生产陷入停顿。
3、decree(v)发布(命令),颁布(法令)
(n)命令,法令
The governor decreed a day of mourning。地方长官发布哀悼一日的命令。
Fate decreed that they would not meet again。他们受命运的安排再也不能相会。
★ determine(v)确定某事物,决定;测定,找出(某未知事物),算出;决定做某事 ~ on/upon sth
determine a date for a meeting 确定会议日期
determine exactly what happened 查出究竟发生了什么事
◎determined(adj)有决心的,意志坚定的
4、frolic(vi)(pt、pp frolicked) ~ about 嬉戏
Children frolicked about in the swimming-pool。孩子们在游泳池里嬉戏。
★ frisk(vi)(指动物)欢快的跳跑
Lambs frisked about in the meadow。小羊在草地上蹦来蹦去。
5、intercourse(n) ~ with sb ~ between sb and sb (与国家,人等的)交际,交往
★ relation(n)关系,关联 ~ between A and B
6、menace(n)威胁,恐吓;~ to sb/sth 进行威胁恐吓的人
These weapons are a menace to world peace。这些武器就是对世界和平的一种威胁。
★ intimidated(vt) ~ sb into sth/ into sth 恐吓、威胁某人做某事
intimidate a witness 恐吓目击证人。
7、precipice(n)悬崖,峭壁
The country’s economy was on the edge of the precipice。该国的经济已处于崩溃边缘。
★ cliff(n)悬崖,峭壁(尤指在海边的)
8、sanctuary(n)圣所,圣地(如教堂、庙宇或回教寺庙)
★ shrine(n)神圣的地方和处所,圣坛
9、sprout(vi) ~ out/up from sth 长出来,出现,发芽,萌芽
new buds sprouting on the trees。树上长出的新芽
★ grow(v)生长,长大
10、tread(pt trod pp trodden) ~ on sth/sb 踩,行走,踏
She trod lightly so as to not to wake the baby。她走路很清,以免影响孩子。
★ trample(n)踩坏或踩伤某物
The campers had trampled the corn down。野蛮的人踩坏了庄稼
(2)
1、ammunition(n)supply of bullets bombs grenades 弹药;用于争论中的事实和论据
The had to meet the attack with very little ammunition。他们不得不以极少的弹药应战。
★ bullet(n)子弹
He was killed by a single bullet in the heart。他被射中心脏身亡。
2、doting(adj)(做定语)溺爱的,偏爱的,宠爱的
a doting mother 宠爱孩子的母亲
◎ dote(vi) ~ on sb/sth 喜爱、溺爱某人某事物
She dotes on her grandchildren。她十分钟爱她的孙儿女。grandchildren。她十分钟爱她的孙儿女。
★fond(adj)(做定语)慈爱的,深情的;(表语) ~ of sb/doing sth 喜爱某人,喜爱做某事
a fond look 申请的目光
◎ fondly 亲爱的,温柔的
◎ fondness(n) ~ for sb/sth 喜爱,深情
His fondness for his eldest grandchild。他对长孙的钟爱
3、engross(vt)(通常用于被动)占去某人的全部时间或注意力,使全神贯注
an engrossing story 引人入胜的故事
★ absorb(vt)吸收某事物,吸进;将某物某人合并,并吞;减轻(冲击、困难等的)作用或 影响;完全吸引某人的注意力或兴趣
Buffers absorbed most of the shock。缓冲器使震动减少了许多。 His business absorbs him。他专心致志的处理业务。
◎ absorbing(adj)十分吸引人的
◎ absorbent(n)能吸收水分等的物质
★ adsorb(vt)(常指固体)吸附气体或液体至其表面
4、gush(vi)~ out from sth (突然大量的)流出,涌出,泻出; ~ over sb/sth (贬)滔滔 不绝的说,过分热心的说
(n)(尤做单数)涌出 a gush of
★ flow(vi)指液体流动
His tears flow freely down her face。他眼泪止不住顺着脸颊往下流
5、insuperable(adj)(指困难)不能克服的
★ unconquerable(adj)(障碍)难以克服的,难以征服的
6、ordeal(n)苦难经历;(尤指对品格、耐力的)严峻考验
The hostages went through a dreadful ordeal。每个人质都经历了可怕的折磨。
★ trial(n)审问、审讯、审理、审判;对能力、质量、性能能的测试,试验,考验;(不得 不容忍的)讨厌的人或事物
Commit sb for trial 将某人拘禁候审
Put a car through safety trials。对汽车进行安全性能测验 Her child is a trial to his teachers。她的孩子让老师很伤脑筋
(词组)go on trial 或 stand trial for sth 受审判
She went on trial for murder。她因涉嫌谋杀罪而受审。
(词组)on trial 在试验中,在测试中
Take the machine on trial for a week,把机器试验一星期
(词组)put sb on trial for sth 使某人被控告而受审
She was put on trial for fraud 她因诈骗罪而受审
(习语)trial and error 反复试验,从中找出失败的解决办法
learn by trial and error 通过反复试验学习
7、pouch(v)使某物成为袋状;(n)(尤用于构成复合词)小袋(尤指皮制的)
wear a dress pouched over a belt。穿着腰带上方蓬松的连衣裙
★ sack(n)大口袋(用以存放或装运水泥、煤、面粉、马铃薯)
◎ sackful(n)一袋的量 two sackfuls of flour 两袋面粉
8、screech(vi,vt) ~ (sth )(out)at sb 尖叫,尖声喊出;(n)尖利刺耳的声音
She screeched insults at us 她尖着嗓子骂我们。
★ shriek(vi) ~ with sth 尖声大叫,激动的尖叫
9、stature(n)身高;(凭才能或成就而获得的)名望
★ height(n)高度,身高
10、undermine(v)在某物下挖洞或挖通道,从根基出损坏
Badgers had undermined the foundations of the church。獾在这座教堂的地基处打了洞。
★ erode(vt)(尤用于被动语态)(指酸、雨、风等)侵蚀或腐蚀
Metals are eroded by acids 金属能北酸腐蚀。
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