开封英语导游词范文
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开封英语导游词范文1
Dear tourists
hello everyone! We are going to Longting scenic spot before we set out. Before arriving at the scenic spot, Xiao Hou will give you a brief introduction of the Longting scenic spot.
Located in the northwest corner of the ancient city of Kaifeng, Longting scenic spot covers an area of 88-13 hectares. With towering ancient buildings and vast lakes on both sides, it is one of the most attractive scenic spots in Kaifeng. As you know, Kaifeng was the capital of seven dynasties in history, especially the Northern Song Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. The capital of Kaifeng lasted 168 years, and the Imperial Palace was located in this area now. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, because of the flood of the Yellow River, the Dragon Pavilion was gradually abandoned. In the 12th year of Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty, Wang Shijun, governor of Henan Province, asked him to build a "Longevity Palace" on the abandoned coal mountain of the Zhou palace, which contained the emperor's memorial tablet. The civil and military officials paid homage to it regularly. Because the emperor of the feudal dynasty was called the real dragon emperor, this place was called "Dragon Pavilion".
Today's Dragon Pavilion still maintains the architectural pattern of "Longevity Palace" in the Qing Dynasty. On the central axis of 500 meters from north to south, there are Meridian Gate, jade belt bridge, Songhu, chaomen and Dragon Pavilion Hall. Meridian Gate is the gate of Longting scenic area, facing south, facing the song Duyu street. Walking into the magnificent Meridian Gate, we can see a broad avenue in front of us. The front end of the avenue is Yudai bridge, which is carved with white marble and bluestone. It is 40 meters long, 18 meters wide and 17 meters high. Under the bridge, there are five culverts for cruise ships. Standing on the jade belt bridge, looking to the north is a huge brick platform, on which stands the majestic Longting hall. Longting lake on both sides of Yudai bridge is divided into two parts by the main road. Panjia lake is on the east side and Yangjia lake is on the west side. There is a folk legend that "Yanghu lake is clear, Panhu lake is turbid, and the loyal officials are clear and turbid.". It is said that the Yang generals in the Northern Song Dynasty made great contributions to the country, but the emperor did not distinguish between good and evil. After Yang Ye was killed, she Taijun told the emperor in the golden palace, but the emperor shielded his ministers and only removed pan Renmei's three empty posts. She laotaijun was angry and led his family to retire. After the Yang family moved away, it rained heavily and flooded the pan and Yang families into a vast ocean. At that time, the pan family was located in the east of the lake and the Yang family was located in the West. After the heavy rain, the water in the East Lake was turbid and smelly, but the water in the West Lake was as clear as a mirror. So the common people think that this is a portrayal of pan and Yang's loyalty to the country. In fact, this is not the real reason. It turns out that there are many households on both sides of the East Lake, and there are many workshops. Due to the discharge of sewage, the water of the East Lake becomes very muddy, while the water quality of the West Lake is good because there are few households on the Bank of the West Lake, so there is little pollution. Now after treatment, the two lakes have become clear, which also shows the importance of protecting nature.
Walking through the jade belt bridge, we will see a building with peculiar shape and gorgeous decoration, called "Songhu", which means "Shanhu, Gaohu". It is the place where the ancient courtiers celebrated the emperor's birthday. Entering Songhu, we arrive at the front of Longting hall. A 72 level stone step leads us to Longting hall, where a group of wax statues of Zhao Kuangyin, the founder of the Song Dynasty, feasting civil and military officials are specially displayed. It tells the story of Zhao Kuangyin, the founding emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty, who "released military power by drinking". At that time, song Taizu invited the generals who had made great contributions to the war. When he took up the wine cup, he expressed his emotion by saying that it was too difficult to be the emperor, and he couldn't sleep all night. His words made Shi Shouxin and other generals confused. He asked the reason. Song Taizu sincerely said, once someone adds the yellow robe to you, can't it be done? Shi Shouxin and others suddenly changed their faces and knelt down to eat their heads. Song Taizu advised them to hand over their military power and buy more beautiful women to live forever. In this way, all the officials would not doubt that they could get along with each other. The next day, these people all said they were sick and resigned. Zhao Kuangyin achieved his wish without any effort. The Northern Song Dynasty also entered the era of literati ruling. However, to Zhao Kuangyin's surprise, although he skillfully regained military power with a glass of wine and secured his throne, he tilted the whole Song Dynasty. Since then, the combat effectiveness of the Northern Song army has been greatly weakened, so the Northern Song Dynasty only existed for 168 years. However, the establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty made Kaifeng a world-class metropolis at that time.
With a population of more than one million, the famous painting "Qingming Shanghe Tu" is a true portrayal of Kaifeng at that time. Standing on the platform of Longting hall, the city of Kaifeng is known as the ancient capital of seven dynasties in the south. In the west, there are Qingming Shanghe garden, Hanyuan stele forest, Tianbo Yangfu and other scenic spots. In front of them, Pan Yang Lake is like two clear mirrors with boundless beauty, as if telling us the past of Kaifeng And today's endless stories.
Well, my friends, I'll briefly introduce Longting scenic area. I'll go to Longting scenic area right ahead. Please pack up your valuables and get off the bus. Follow me to visit the scenic area.
Dear friends: my name is Shen. You can call me Shen Dao. Now I'd like to introduce our Longting Park in Kaifeng.
Located in the northwest of the ancient city of Kaifeng, Longting scenic spot is an ideal scenic spot for Chinese and foreign tourists. In history, seven dynasties established their capitals in Kaifeng. Especially in the Northern Song Dynasty, Kaifeng was the capital for 168 years. The site of the Imperial Palace in those days is now the area of Longting. The name of Longting park is Longting because the emperor at that time was known as the "real dragon emperor", so this place became "Longting".
Entering the gate of the Dragon Pavilion, we can see a broad avenue in front of us. On both sides of the avenue are vast lakes, which make us feel relaxed and happy. The arched stone bridge at the front of the road is called Yudai bridge. Jade belt bridge is carved with white jade and bluestone, and below it is clear lake water.
Friends, we are now in front of the Longting hall. The hall is located on a 13 meter high brick platform, which is magnificent and spectacular from a distance. Standing on the platform of Longting hall, looking south, the two lakes are like two mirrors, graceful and quiet. A royal road leads you into the long history of Kaifeng, the ancient capital of seven dynasties. We have a panoramic view of Kaifeng today.
Whether the beautiful scenery and characteristic contents make you feel like "enjoying the royal gardens, appreciating the past events of the palace and interpreting the rise and fall of the Dynasty".
Ladies and gentlemen, this is the end of today's tour. We warmly welcome you to the chrysanthemum meeting in Longting in the golden autumn. Let's meet in the golden autumn and get together at the chrysanthemum flower meeting.
开封英语导游词范文2
We are now at the gate of the Qingming River Park, a large folk theme park in Kaifeng. Many friends who are familiar with Chinese history and art may know that the picture of Qingming River is a masterpiece handed down by famous painters in Song Dynasty. It depicts the life and scenery of Kaifeng in Song Dynasty. It is the most concise graphic material for relevant experts to study the history of Song Dynasty in China. Kaifeng Qingming Riverside painting is based on Qingming Riverside Garden. According to the layout of the painting, it uses the Song Dynasty construction method, combined with modern architectural methods, to reproduce the scenery and folk customs of the original painting, so that you can "step into the picture once, dream back to a thousand years in a day".
When we walk into Shanghe garden at Qingming Festival, we can see a large relief with a length of 16 meters and a width of 3 meters. In front of the relief is the white marble sculpture "love Tokyo". Zhang Zeduan, a famous teacher of the generation, is holding the magnificent historical scroll "Qingming Riverside map". Welcome to Qingming Riverside map. Let's get to know Zhang Zeduan and his picture of the river at Qingming Festival!
Zhang Zeduan was born in Northern Song Dynasty and died in Southern Song Dynasty. When he was young, he traveled to the capital and was good at painting. He once served as the imperial edict of Hanlin Painting Academy. In memory of Zhang Zeduan, Professor Chen Xiulin, a famous Chinese sculptor, created this tall statue from Baise granite in Laizhou, Shandong Province, the hometown of Chinese stone. Behind the statue, the river circle of Qingming is condensed, vividly representing the prosperous scene and folk life of Kaifeng in the golden age.
The riverside map of Qingming Festival is 525 cm long and 25 cm or 5 cm high. There are not only wealthy businessmen, but also street vendors, Hongqiao city tower and boaters. Even Mr. Suan Gua can see it. Experts also found the abacus in the shop. At present, experts can't verify when the abacus, the earliest computing tool in the world, was invented. But the abacus on the Qingming River map can be said to be the earliest one found in the graphic materials in China. Qingming River map is a precious historical material for us to study the economy, culture, architecture and folk custom of Song Dynasty. In the present collection with the Chinese history museum.
Now Qingming shangheyuan scenic area covers an area of 500 mu. Among them, the water area is 120 mu, with a total construction area of 10000 square meters. Following the original plan, there are eight functional areas including post station, folk customs, characteristic food street, song culture exhibition area, flowers, birds, fish and insects, prosperous capital, leisure shopping and comprehensive services, and four cultural areas including school yard, Hongqiao, folk custom and song capital. When you visit the Riverside Garden during the Qingming Festival, you can cross the Hongqiao bridge, wait for shangshanmen and stay at the ancient post station.
Now our bridge is Hongqiao, and the river below is Bianhe river. According to historical records, Bianhe river began in the Wei Dynasty in the Warring States period, connected with Sui Dynasty, and extended to the Song Dynasty, from Heluo to huaisi, and then to the Yangtze River. It is the main artery connecting the North and south of the Northern Song Dynasty. The grain produced and the taxes collected in various places are transported to the capital along this river. Bianhe was very important to the Northern Song Dynasty. As boats and boats were flying, merchants gathered. Under today's Hongqiao is the Tokyo wharf. If you are interested, you can enjoy the vast expanse of green waves in the northern water city by the party flag song wooden boat.
Qingming Shanghe garden shows the culture of Song Dynasty. We have found that the staff inside are all wearing the clothing of Song Dynasty. There are also things unique to the Song Dynasty. Yes, you see, these two diviners were specially invited from Wudang Mountain by Shanghe garden during the Qingming Festival. They are said to be accurate. In addition, there are some Song Dynasty performances in the garden. For example, Wang Yuanwai recruits relatives, polo match, Liangshan hero robs the law court and so on. Now councillor Wang has begun to recruit relatives. The beautiful lady has already stepped on the embroidery building. Now let's go and see how to rob the embroidered ball!
(Tokyo in love)
Entering the Qingming Riverside Garden, you can see a large relief of 16 meters long and 3 meters high. In front of the relief is the white marble statue "love for Tokyo". Zhang Zeduan, a famous teacher of the generation, also welcomes you with his magnificent historical scroll "Qingming Riverside". Let's get to know Zhang Zeduan and his Qingming Riverside!
Zhang Zeduan's name is Zhengdao and Wenyou. He was born in the Northern Song Dynasty and died in the Southern Song Dynasty. When he was young, he traveled to the capital and was good at painting. In memory of Zhang Zeduan, Chinese famous sculpture artists Chen Xiulin and Pang Wang xuanjiao awarded the white granite sculpture from Laizhou, Shandong Province, the hometown of Chinese stone materials. Behind the statue is a vivid relief of Qingming Riverside, which vividly reproduces the prosperous city scene and folk life of Kaifeng in the Taiping and heyday. There are almost all kinds of life scenes in the picture of Qingming Riverside, which truly depicts the prosperous scene of Kaifeng City in Northern Song Dynasty. The picture of Qingming Riverside is a precious historical material for us to study the economy, culture, architecture, science and other aspects of Song Dynasty. The original work is now in the Museum of Chinese history.
Friends, there are so many places to see in the Riverside Garden during the Qingming Festival. Let's go to the famous Hongqiao first! In the picture of Qingming River, we can see a beautiful wooden arch bridge. According to experts, the Hongqiao bridge in the picture of Qingming River is one of the top ten ancient bridges in China. It is a famous wooden arch bridge. If it was built in 1050, it played a great role in the smooth operation of water and land transportation in the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. Later it was destroyed in the war. The arch bridge shown in front of us today is modeled on the original drawing. The reconstructed Hongqiao bridge was completed in 1998. It has a span of 25 meters, a height of 5 meters, and a span ratio of 1:5. On both sides of the bridge, there are four watchposts and four 9-meter-high columns. On the top of the bridge, there is a disc, on which white crane and bird are moored. It turns with the wind. The direction of white crane is known by comparing with the cross instrument wood below. This is the ancient wind vane.
Next to the bridge, please look at the foot shop in the west of Qiaonan road. The color archway in front of the gate is three or four stories high, and the name of the shop is hung on the archway: "ten thousand feet shop", which causes many tourists to guess: "resting shop?" "A pedicure shop?" Others said, "in Song Dynasty, there was foot washing?" It's just misunderstanding or ridicule. In fact, hotels in Song Dynasty can be roughly divided into two types: one is the main store with large storefront and abundant capital, which can make and sell wine by itself; the other is the foot store with small scale and less capital, which can only be sold separately from the main store wholesale wine, which is similar to today's marketing term - "terminal". The name "Shiqian" also shows that the shopkeeper is quite talented. The word "Shiqian" first appeared in the book of songs, which means a large number. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Zhi wrote in the famous capital chapter that "the return banquet is Pingle, and the wine is ten thousand." As a result, "ten thousand" then extended to the meaning of high-quality wine, and later almost became the pronoun of "good wine".
Friends, there is the gate of Shangshan in front of us. There are antique chimes in the city tower group. Further on, sunyangzhengdian was the leader of 72 Zhengdian in Tokyo in the Northern Song Dynasty, with complete facilities and large scale, which was a strong proof of the prosperous trade in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Qingming Shanghe park is a theme park integrating folk custom exhibition and historical customs. Various performances are displayed all over the country. There is Shangshan gate in front of the park and antique chime bells in the tower group. Further ahead is sun YangZheng Hotel, which was a famous hotel in Tokyo during the Northern Song Dynasty and could provide food. There are many shops along the way. You can choose your favorite arts and crafts. There are many jugglers and catering shops in the park. Some of the performances in the park have a fixed time, such as Wang Yuanwai's son-in-law recruitment, Liangshan hero's law robbery and so on. You can enjoy them freely. Of course, there are also famous Kaifeng snacks!
OK, friends, that's all for the morning's explanation. Next, let's have a free tour. Thank you for your support
What does "Jiuzhu Wangyuan Waijia" mean: "Jiuzhu" is a signboard, which means old stores and time-honored brands. It is used to promote integrity and attract customers.
Zhengdian and Jiaodian: restaurants in Bianjing are divided into Zhengdian and Jiaodian. Zhengdian is a high-grade hotel. There were 72 Zhengdian in Bianjing at that time. Many of the main shops are multi-functional. They are not only for accommodation, but also for whoring. At the same time, they are also breweries. They make famous wines and sell them wholesale to foot shops. The foot shop is basically the same as the regular shop in the architectural pattern, but its scale and style are not as good as the regular shop. So foot shop is an ordinary restaurant, thousands of people in Bianjing at that time. Restaurants are places for drinking and catering, because there are also canteens, mainly for eating and snacks. It can be seen that the status of catering industry was very prominent in Bianjing at that time.
Spare materials
(panjiahu and yangjiahu)
Now you can see the lake outside the car window. It's Yangjia lake. Yangjiahu and panjiahu are connected by Yudai bridge in the Dragon Pavilion, and the lake is connected by water. There is also a popular story about Panyang lake. It is said that a heroic Yang family general of the Northern Song Dynasty made great contributions to the country, but the emperor did not distinguish between good and evil. After Yang Ye was killed, she went to the golden palace to sue the emperor, but the emperor shielded the treacherous officials and only removed pan Renmei's three false duties. In a rage, she led her family to retire. After the Yang family moved away, it rained heavily, flooding Pan Yang's two houses into a vast ocean. At that time, the pan family was located in the east of the lake and the Yang family was located in the west of the lake. After the heavy rain, the water in the East Lake was muddy and smelly, but the water in the West Lake was as clear as a mirror. People thought that this was a portrayal of the loyalty and treachery of the pan and Yang families to the country. In fact, this is not really the reason. In the past, there were many households and workshops on the east bank. Due to the discharge of sewage, the water in the east side of the lake became very turbid, while the water quality in the west side of the lake was relatively good because there were few homes at that time. Now, after treatment, both lakes have become clear.
(Mr. Bao welcomes the guests)
The opening ceremony is held every day here to welcome guests from afar. It's magnificent and can't be missed. The first is the horse team. They are all wearing song style short clothes. They are holding colored flags and roaring in the sound of gongs and drums. Then came the welcome drum. The drummer was also dressed up in Song Dynasty. The big drum was hanging around his waist with neat movements and a cheerful and unrestrained sound. Now you can see Bao Qingtian, a famous Prime Minister surrounded by Zhang long, Zhao Hu, Dynasty and Mahan! You are welcome to the Riverside Garden of Qingming Festival. My friends, Bao Qingtian's hospitality is really difficult, so we have to obey orders and go in for sightseeing!.
(Bian River)
According to historical records, the Bianhe river began in the Wei Dynasty of the Warring States period, extended to the Sui Dynasty and the Song Dynasty, from Heluo to huaisi, and then to the Yangtze River. It was the main artery connecting the north and south of the Northern Song Dynasty. The grain produced, taxes collected and various rare fruits were transported to the capital along this river. Therefore, Bianhe was very important to the Northern Song Dynasty. Due to the boat traffic, many merchants, so on both sides of the river appeared a lot of shops, boats, merchants gathered, here has become the most prosperous place. Under today's Hongqiao is the Tokyo wharf. If you are interested, you can take a song style wooden boat and enjoy the vast expanse of blue waves in the water city of northern China
(Kaifeng specialty)
You can't be hungry when you play. There are steamed buns on the first floor of Kaifeng that you have to wait in line for three hours to taste. Here are ma Yuxing's barrel chicken and crisp and delicious peanut cake. If it's too shabby to bring some special bags and peanut cakes to relatives and friends, it's a valuable and meaningful gift to bring some exquisite Kaifeng embroidery or folding fans, antiques and ancient utensils. "Orange born in Huainan is orange, born in Huaibei is Gardenia", or local characteristics, don't miss it!
开封英语导游词范文3
Kaifeng's ancient cities, Bianliang, Bianjing and Tokyo, or Bian for short, are one of the seven ancient capitals in China. There are Wei in the Warring States period, Houliang, later Jin, later Han, Later Zhou in the Five Dynasties, Northern Song and Jinding in Kaifeng. Therefore, Kaifeng has always been the capital of seven dynasties. Let me introduce Kaifeng with seven ones
The end result of a famous official: Bao Qingtian in Kaifeng is selfless and honest. I think many people have heard this song. When you travel to Kaifeng, you will naturally think of Bao Zheng, the famous Prime Minister of the Northern Song Dynasty. He once served as the magistrate of Kaifeng. In people's hearts, he is the symbol of the upright officials in ancient China. We will visit Baogong temple after visiting shangheyuan during the Qingming Festival.
The glory of a dynasty, in the history of Kaifeng, the capital of the seven dynasties, the Northern Song Dynasty was the longest, from 960 to 1127, as long as 168 years, also the most prosperous. In the Han and Tang Dynasties, there were no more than four or five hundred thousand people in Chang'an, no more than one million in Luoyang, and 1.5 million in Kaifeng. At that time, there were more than 100000 people in London and Paris, and only 500000 in Damascus, which is called the world's largest city by Europeans. With the prosperity of economy, the increase of population, and the development of commodity economy, merchants, envoys, and religious personages from all over the world could not stop on their way. All kinds of Chinese civilization, including gunpowder, printing, and papermaking, spread to all over the world. The prosperity of economy also promoted the great development of culture. Su Shi, ou Yangxiu, Wang Anshi, Sima Guang, Liu Yong, Li Qingzhao and Zhang Zeduan all led the way in their respective fields.
The history of a big river, the development of Kaifeng is closely related to the Yellow River, the history of Kaifeng development can be said to be the history of the Yellow River flooding, the Yellow River stability is Kaifeng prosperous, the Yellow River flooding is Kaifeng decline. At present, there are five ruins of Dadu City stacked together under our feet, and then we Kaifeng people build on the ruins again, that is, once the Yellow River floods, Kaifeng will be submerged once. The five ancient capital sites are distributed on 20 square kilometers of land, only the five cities in Kaifeng and the five capitals in Luoyang. Now there is another world wonder between Kaifeng and the Yellow River, that is, the suspended wonder of the Yellow River. The riverbed of the Yellow River is seven meters higher than the surface of Kaifeng.
The fragrance of a flower. This flower is naturally Kaifeng City flower chrysanthemum, as early as the Northern Song Dynasty, Kaifeng Chrysanthemum has been well-known throughout the country. In 1983, chrysanthemum was designated as the city flower of Kaifeng. Since then, every year from October 18 to November 18, Kaifeng will hold a chrysanthemum flower fair. When you enter any scenic spot in Kaifeng, you seem to enter a sea of chrysanthemums. Now Kaifeng Chrysanthemum and Luoyang Peony have become provincial flower fair. People in Kaifeng love chrysanthemum not only because of its beauty, but also because of its strong character, cold resistance and noble temperament. At the same time, chrysanthemum is also a symbol of Kaifeng people's indomitable will. Looking back on the history, Kaifeng has experienced many wars. However, Kaifeng people are constantly striving for self-reliance and rebuilding their homes. This is not the unique quality of chrysanthemum!
The aura of a lake. As we all know, Yang Jialing of the Northern Song Dynasty was a representative of loyal officials and good generals. So there are two lakes in Kaifeng, one is yangjiahu, the other is panjiahu. There is such a story among the people. Yanghuqing, panhuzhuo, treacherous minister, loyal minister, Qingzhuo. It is said that a heroic Yang family in the Northern Song Dynasty made great contributions to the country, but the emperor did not distinguish between good and evil. After Yang Ye was killed, she went to the golden palace to sue the emperor, but the emperor shielded the treacherous officials and only removed pan Renmei's three empty duties. In a rage, she led her family to retire and move away. The day after tomorrow, heavy rain flooded Pan Yang's house. The lake where the pan family is located is turbid and stinky, while the lake of the Yang family is clear. People think that this is a portrayal of the loyalty and treachery of the pan and Yang families. So the aura of a lake,
A difficult revival. Since the Yellow River inundated Kaifeng in the late Northern Song Dynasty, Kaifeng has not been prosperous in the past. Kaifeng, which was the provincial capital in the period of the Republic of China, has been left far behind by Zhengzhou and Luoyang. Kaifeng now governs five counties and five districts with a population of 4.6 million and an urban population of 780000. Now, after the national strategy of the rise of central China is put forward, the provincial government proposes to develop the Central Plains urban agglomeration and realize the integration of Zhengzhou and Kaifeng. The opening of Zhengbian Avenue last year marks that Kaifeng, driven by Zhengzhou, has set foot on the express train that attaches importance to the past glory.
A great historical painting is Zhang Zeduan's picture of Qingming River. Now we have arrived at Qingming Shanghe garden. Please take your belongings with you and get out of the car with me to enjoy this historical painting.
开封英语导游词范文4
Dear tourists
hello everyone! Now we are driving on Zhengbian Avenue. We will arrive at Kaifeng by Zhongmou. It will take about an hour. Before we arrive, let's know about the famous city Kaifeng.
British historian Toynbee once said a famous saying that if I had a choice, I would like to live in the Song Dynasty of China. Because the Song Dynasty was the heyday of Chinese feudal society, Bianjing, the capital of the Song Dynasty, is today's Kaifeng, the largest city in the world at that time. With a population of one million, it was known as the international metropolis at that time.
Today we will talk about Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Kaifeng is an ancient capital with a history of more than 2700 years. In history, seven dynasties successively established their capitals here. How can this ancient capital be named Kaifeng? Who named it?
The name of this city is very strange? Some people once said two metaphors: Kaifeng is the name of the city, just like the thawing of the river. Kaifeng is called when the river thaws in winter and thaws in spring. Another way is to say that Kaifeng's name is contradictory, because "one Kaifeng and one Kaifeng" is just the opposite. In fact, both of these two metaphors are incorrect, because Kaifeng's original name is not Kaifeng, but Kaifeng and Qifeng Fengcheng was built in the spring and Autumn Period 2700 years ago. In order to resist the invasion of Song state in the East and Wei state in the north, zhengzhuanggong of Zheng state built a city for storing grain and weapons, which means "qituo fengjiang" for short. In the Western Han Dynasty, the name of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty was Liu Qi. In order to avoid the taboo of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, he changed "Qi" to "Kai". Because Qi and Kai are synonyms, the name of Kaifeng has not changed since Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty.
This city is one of the eight ancient capitals. It is also a very strange city.
Very strange first point: this city is a stack of layers like a stack of cities, why? Kaifeng we see today is Kaifeng in the Qing Dynasty. A few meters below the city of Kaifeng in the Qing Dynasty is Kaifeng in the Ming Dynasty, then Kaifeng in the Song Dynasty, and then Kaifeng in the Tang Dynasty. At the bottom of Kaifeng, which is 13 meters deep, is the state of Wei in the Warring States period. Therefore, Kaifeng City shows a form of superposition of cities, so we call this form City on city.
Of course, the main reason for this city's pile of cities is the flood of the river, the silt inundating the old city, and then building a new city on the site of the old city, so this is a very painful process. But it also causes a unique phenomenon, that is, the phenomenon of city on city. Moreover, our archaeological excavation today not only found the phenomenon of Kaifeng City piled on top of the city wall, but also found that the city wall was piled on top of the city wall, the road was piled on top of the road, and the central axis was piled on top of the central axis. That is to say, when the city of Kaifeng was built, its central axis did not change. Today, there is a road in Kaifeng city called Zhongshan Road, which is a vertical overlapping road of songduyu street. Therefore, this phenomenon is very unique in Kaifeng, and there is no similar phenomenon in other cities in the world. Of course, this phenomenon has also brought great disaster to Kaifeng. The phenomenon of city stacking in Kaifeng means that Kaifeng has experienced five floods The destruction of Kaifeng, because Kaifeng city more than 20 miles north of the place is the Yellow River, until today, the Yellow river bed than Kaifeng to 11 meters higher.
In the 2700 years since the founding of Kaifeng City, Kaifeng burst into flood 42 times, five of which completely destroyed Kaifeng City. Of course, after each time Kaifeng City was destroyed, people from each dynasty moved back to build a new Kaifeng City on the original site. The history of Kaifeng's development and the history of its being destroyed for several times has long been a kind of cultural character of the city, that is, "yellow water can't be drowned, sand can't be buried, fire can't be burned down, disaster can't be crushed.".
The turbulent history of Kaifeng has long been the civilization of Kaifeng. In the turbulent Yellow River, what kind of historical figures have become the eternal memory of the people of Kaifeng?
There are many historical celebrities in the history of Kaifeng. In ancient China, the most well-known are the two people who appeared when Kaifeng was the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. One is Bao Zheng, and the other is the famous general of the Yang family. These two people have their historical relics in Kaifeng, including Baogong temple and Kaifeng mansion. You can see the historical relics left until today in Kaifeng mansion The title of Kaifeng mansion. The title of Kaifeng Prefecture is a biography of people who have served as Fu Yin in Kaifeng for more than 100 years since the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty. In fact, it is a roster of the chief executive of the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. One of the depressions is said to be Bao Zheng. When he was 59 years old, he served as the official of Kaifeng, because Kaifeng was the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the official of Kaifeng was the highest official of the capital. But his name is now out of sight, just a hollow groove,. It is said that the title of the Kaifeng mansion is written by the common people who touch the name of the Baogong with their hands when they visit the mansion. The name of the Baogong is depressed, and a groove appears in the Southern Song Dynasty. In fact, Bao Zheng has only been a Fu Yin in Kaifeng for more than a year. People miss him because he was a Fu Yin in Kaifeng In addition, he punished corrupt officials, rich people, bullies in the capital, who were upright and did not harm the people, so he was deeply loved by the people.
Another popular story in Kaifeng is the general of the Yang family. There is a Tianbo Yang mansion in Kaifeng to commemorate the story of Yang Ye and his descendants fighting against the Khitans at that time.
Yang Ye was originally a famous general in the Western Han Dynasty. Later, after he was attached to the Song Dynasty, he guarded the Shaanxi frontier fortress for the Song Dynasty. At last, he was framed by Pan Mei, the commander in chief, and then injured. After that, he was captured and died on hunger strike. This man was called "Yang linggong". Therefore, starting from "Yang linggong", his descendants, including his daughter-in-law, became a series of heroes who would rather die than surrender to resist foreign enemies Xiang has become the pride of Kaifeng people in Chinese history and an important source of the cultural spirit of Kaifeng people today.
Kaifeng is a very dedicated city. We know that Kaifeng became the capital of the Song Dynasty in the Northern Song Dynasty. Later, with the development of history, Kaifeng has always been a down payment of Henan Province. Until the Republic of China, the capital of Henan Province was always located in Kaifeng. In 1954, the capital of Henan Province moved from Kaifeng to Zhengzhou. The reasons for moving to Zhengzhou are as follows Such a story.
At the end of the 19th century, after the rise of the Westernization Movement, China began to have modern railways. At that time, the Beijing Wuhan railway was built across the north and south, that is, the railway from Beijing to Zhengzhou to Hankou. Later, the railway from Hankou to Guangzhou was also built, and then the two railways were opened, that is, our Beijing Guangzhou railway. When the railway was originally built, it was originally planned to go through Kaifeng After Kaifeng, first of all, he took a straight line. If he took Zhengzhou, he needed to take a turn. At that time, Kaifeng was the capital of Henan Province. But when Zhang Zhidong, the governor of Huguang at that time, was undertaking this project, he felt that the riverbed area of Kaifeng section of the Yellow River was too wide to be repaired. If it was repaired to Mangshan, Zhengzhou, it was the narrowest place of the Yellow River, which was easy to repair. In order to save money, Zhang Zhidong decided that the railway would not pass through Kaifeng, so he moved 70 kilometers westward. At that time, there was a small county called Kaifeng Zheng county. Today, Zhengzhou is the capital of Henan Province, so in this way, the Beijing Wuhan railway passes through Zheng county, that is, Zhengzhou instead of Kaifeng, which brings a big problem to Kaifeng. Because Kaifeng's transportation is not convenient, and it is not a city on the Beijing Guangzhou railway line, Kaifeng handed over the important task of leading the people of Henan Province and carrying out socialist construction to Kaifeng in 1954 Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan Province, moved from Kaifeng to Zhengzhou in this year.
As a famous historical and cultural city, Kaifeng has its own unique taste. Kaifeng culture is greatly influenced by the Song Dynasty culture. The inheritance of the Song Dynasty culture is abundant in Kaifeng, which can be summarized as follows:
First, high end. The high end of the Song Dynasty culture is mainly reflected in the famous painter Zhang Zeduan's Qingming Riverside. The birth of Qingming Riverside has a very touching story. Zhang Zeduan was born in Zhucheng County, Shandong Province. He was a young painter. During the period of Huizong of Song Dynasty, he lived in daxiangguo temple, the largest temple in Bianjing at that time. He worked as a young painter in daxiangguo temple. Later, when Huizong of Song Dynasty and his Prime Minister Cai Jing went to daxiangguo temple to make incense, he found Zhang Zeduan and recruited him to the imperial palace
After entering the royal temple, Zhang Zeduan asked him to draw a picture of Bianjing city. It took him a long time to draw the prosperous scene on both sides of Bianhe river. This is the famous picture of Qingming River. After Zhang Zeduan finished painting, the versatile song Huizong used a unique calligraphy style called thin gold style to inscribe on it. This picture is the national treasure of our country. It was collected in the palace five times and stolen from the palace four times. Fortunately, it is still well preserved.
Second, the richness of song culture. Ancient China has always had four major inventions, but in addition to Cai Lun's papermaking was invented in the Han Dynasty, such as the compass, gunpowder, printing these three major inventions appeared in the Song Dynasty, so the Song Dynasty is an extremely prosperous period in ancient China.
There are four calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty: Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu and Cai Jing. Their calligraphy has been influencing Kaifeng's calligraphy to this day. There are many people learning calligraphy in Kaifeng. Kaifeng is the first "famous city of Chinese calligraphy" named by the Chinese Calligraphers Association. There is a forest of Steles called Hanyuan forest of Steles in Kaifeng. It is the first famous garden of calligraphy named by the Chinese Calligraphers Association. There are 121 national calligraphy members in Kaifeng, which is more than the number of Chinese calligraphy members in other provinces.
Kaifeng also set up a professional university called Wenxiu Academy in Song Dynasty, which is specialized in studying embroidery. Therefore, Kaifeng Bianxiu is also famous all over the country. On the 10th anniversary of the founding of the people's Republic of China, we once sent a famous Bianxiu painting "Qingming River Painting" to the Great Hall of the people and put it in the Henan Hall of the Great Hall of people's names.
Kaifeng is also famous for its night market. The famous night market in Kaifeng is Gulou night market, which originated from Zhouqiao night market in Northern Song Dynasty. Zhouqiao night market is the most famous one in Northern Song Dynasty. Today, it is Gulou night market. The varieties of Gulou night market are not only popular in Kaifeng, but also popular in Zhengzhou, Xuchang and Xinxiang Night market, after eating and then back.
There are many kinds of snacks in the night market with different tastes, including stewed fish, wonton, roasted mutton, Camellia oleifera, bean curd and Hu chili soup, as well as Babao porridge, Bingtang red pear and peanut cake. There are many cold noodle stalls in the night market. The "old Kaifeng people" are very particular about eating cold noodle. The cold noodle made of sweet potato powder and mung bean powder is cut into thin slices and added with soy sauce and pepper. If it is not yellow and scorched, they will not be satisfied. Tourists who have tasted Kaifeng fried jelly once said, "if you don't eat Kaifeng fried jelly, you don't come to Kaifeng.".
Among many Kaifeng delicacies, the barrel chicken is a unique one. It is made from hens over three years old and simmered in a hundred year old soup. It is golden in color, fat but not greasy, fresh and crisp. The barrel chicken of mayuxing in Kaifeng, which was founded in the Northern Song Dynasty, is one of the best.
Almond tea, known as "girl killer", is said to be a folk snack introduced by the court of Song Dynasty. It has not only the color and fragrance, but also the effect of beauty.
Especially in Kaifeng, we have to eat steamed buns with soup. Stuffed bun with soup means that there is soup in it. Eating steamed stuffed buns in Kaifeng soup is an important process. The skin of steamed stuffed buns is thin, white as Jingdezhen fine porcelain, with a sense of transparency. There are 32 folds on the steamed bun, which are not even. Placed on a white porcelain plate, the steamed buns filled with soup look like white chrysanthemums, lifted and clamped up, hanging like lanterns. This is aestheticism
The process of appreciation is indispensable. To eat, there is meat stuffing inside and fresh soup at the bottom. But remember, when you eat steamed stuffed buns with soup, you should pay attention to the bottom. Otherwise, before you can absorb the soup, the soup will flow to your hands along the chopsticks. Lift your wrist to suck it. The soup will flow along your arms and reach your vest. Therefore, we must pay close attention to the soup and eat it wholeheartedly.
Guantang baozi is not only beautiful in form, but also exquisite in content. Meat stuffing and fresh soup live in the same room, eating it, will be the north to eat noodles, meat, soup three integration, is a kind of integrated charm. When eating steamed stuffed buns with soup, the existence of soup ranked first, followed by meat stuffing and dough. In Tang Ru's poetry, the meat is prose and the skin is novel. Because what is contained in fiction is the essence of prose.
Well, having said so much, we should have a general understanding of Kaifeng. We are about to arrive at the scenic spot we are going to visit today. Let's have a rest.
开封英语导游词范文5
Dear friends
We are going to Longting scenic spot by bus. Longting scenic spot is located in the northwest of Kaifeng, covering an area of 83. With 13 hectares of ancient buildings and vast lakes on both sides of the royal road, the park is an ideal scenic spot for Chinese and foreign tourists.
In history, seven dynasties established their capitals in Kaifeng, especially in the Northern Song Dynasty, which lasted 168 years. In those days, the Imperial Palace was located in the area of today's Longting. At the end of the Jin Dynasty, Longting became a Forbidden Palace. In the Ming Dynasty, the fifth son of Zhu Yuanzhang built the Zhou palace here, which was gradually abolished because of the flood of the Yellow River. In the 12th year of Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty, Wang Shijun, governor of Henan Province, built a "Longevity Palace" on the abandoned coal hill of King Zhou's residence, in which there was a memorial tablet for the emperor. Civil and military officials paid homage to the palace regularly. In feudal dynasties, the emperor was called the real dragon emperor, so this place became the "Dragon Pavilion". After liberation, it was turned into a park and a place for people to rest.
Today's Dragon Pavilion still maintains the architectural style of the "Longevity Palace" of the Qing Dynasty. On the central axis of 500 meters from north to south, there are Meridian Gate, jade belt bridge, Songhu, chaomen and Dragon Pavilion Hall in turn, which not only has the grandeur of northern architecture, but also has the beautiful architectural style of Southern architecture. Meridian Gate is the gate of Longting scenic area, facing south, magnificent, as if to guide us into history.
Entering the gate of the Dragon Pavilion, we can see a broad avenue in front of us. On both sides of the avenue are vast lakes, which make us relaxed and happy. The arched stone bridge at the front of the road is called Yudai bridge. Jade belt bridge is carved with white marble and bluestone, 40 meters long, 18 meters wide, 17 meters high. There are five culverts below, which connect Pan Lake and Yang Lake. The water of the lake is connected, so that the cruise ships can pass through.
Standing on the jade belt bridge, looking to the north, is a huge brick platform, on which the Longting hall stands majestically. The Longting lake on both sides of Yudai bridge is divided into two parts by the avenue, namely Panjia lake and Yangjia lake. There is also a folk story about the two lakes. "Yang Huqing, pan huhun, treacherous and loyal officials qinghun.". It is said that a heroic Yang family general of the Northern Song Dynasty made great contributions to the country, but the emperor did not distinguish between good and evil. After Yang Ye was killed, Yu went to the golden palace to sue the emperor. However, the emperor shielded the treacherous officials and only removed pan Shimei's three empty posts. In a rage, Yu led his family to retire. After the Yang family moved away, it rained heavily and flooded the two houses into a vast ocean. At that time, the pan family was located in the east of the lake and the Yang family was located in the west of the lake. After the heavy rain, the Donghu Lake was turbid and smelly, but the West Lake was clear as a mirror. The common people thought that this was a portrayal of the loyalty and treachery of the pan and Yang families to the country. This is not the reason. In the past, there were many households and many workshops on the east bank. Because of the sewage discharge, the sewage in the East became very turbid, while the lake in the West had few houses at that time. There will be little pollution and the water quality will be very good. Now, after treatment, both lakes have become clear. But it also tells us the importance of taking good care of nature and protecting the environment.
Walking through the jade belt bridge, you can see a peculiar and ornate building called "Songhu", which means "Shanhu" and "Songhu". This building is the place where local officials of the Qing Dynasty went to the "Longevity Palace" to celebrate the emperor's birthday on the occasion of major festivals. It is the place where the three shous live forever. Therefore, the architectural specifications adopted the form of the highest level of veranda roof, which means "Songhu".
Friends, we are now in front of the Longting hall, which is 13 meters high on a brick platform. 7 meters, a total of 26. 7 meters, from a distance, majestic and spectacular. Up the stairs, a 72 level stone step took us to the Dragon Pavilion. In the middle of the stone steps is the Royal step with blue stone carving and oyster dragon winding. A group of wax statues of Zhao Kuangyin's civil and military generals at the banquet of song Taizu are specially displayed in the Longting hall. It tells the story of Zhao Kuangyin who was the founding emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty in 961. In the middle, Taizu of the Song Dynasty held a cup of wine to entertain the generals who made great contributions to the country. Song Taizu expressed his emotion by drinking, saying that it was too hard to be the emperor, and he couldn't sleep all night. When Shi Shouxin and other generals didn't know what he meant by his words, they asked the reason. Song Taizu sincerely said that once someone added the yellow robe to you, would it be ok? Shi Shouxin and others suddenly changed their faces in fright. They knelt down and sobbed and kowtowed. Song Taizu advised them to hand over their military power and buy more beautiful women in Liangtian for the rest of their lives. In this way, the monarch and his ministers can live in peace. The next day, all of them called themselves ill and resigned. Zhao did so effortlessly, and the Northern Song Dynasty has since entered the era of literati ruling. The wax statues in the hall are the works of Kaifeng artists. We can see civil servants and military generals with different expressions. Have they realized the intention of Zhao Kuangyin, the emperor on the throne?
Song Dynasty is a highly developed Dynasty in economy, science and culture. Among the four famous inventions in ancient China, compass, movable type printing and gunpowder were invented and perfected in Song Dynasty. Tang poetry and Song Ci are juxtaposed in the ancient Chinese literary world, and the art of calligraphy and painting has reached a very high level. However, to Zhao Kuangyin's surprise, although a glass of wine skillfully regained military power and secured his throne, it tilted the whole Song Dynasty. After the release of military power by drinking wine, the Northern Song Dynasty took a number of measures to guard against military generals, which greatly weakened the combat effectiveness of the army and made the Northern Song Dynasty weaker than other unified dynasties in China's history. It existed only for 168 years. However, the establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty made Kaifeng a super first-class metropolis in the world at that time. At that time, Kiev, Russia's largest city, had only tens of thousands of people, while Kaifeng had a population of more than one million. The famous picture of river at Qingming Festival is a true portrayal of Kaifeng at that time.
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Standing on the platform of Longting hall and looking south, the two lakes are as beautiful and quiet as two mirrors. A royal road leads you into the long history of Kaifeng, the ancient capital of seven dynasties. We have a panoramic view of Kaifeng today. In the southwest are the famous theme park of our city -- Qingming Shanghe Park, Hanyuan stele forest and Tianbo Yangfu in Kaifeng, China. Looking to the north, the ancient city wall looks like a long green dragon. The history of China's successive dynasties seems to be right in front of you. The tower of Kaifeng in the distance is majestic and tall, as if it is telling you endless stories about the past and today of Kaifeng. Looking far away, it is our mother river, the Yellow River. There are two groups of buildings on the left and right of his highness, which used to be the courthouse for officials to wait for when they paid homage to the emperor's memorial tablet, but now the historical display of the Dragon Pavilion and the wax statues of historical events in the Song Dynasty.
Dear friends, there are many beautiful legends and stories about the Dragon Pavilion. Due to the time, I would like to briefly introduce them here. thank you!
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