如何在短时间内提高托福口语
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如何在短时间内提高托福口语
想在美国生存、发展下去,主要看自己有没有机会表达自己,和别人沟通交流。但是,目前我们的大学英语教育存在这缺陷。我们建议要把我们学习的目标收缩,把追求大而广的英语知识转化为追求一种定量性的技巧,我们认为有6 种技巧,是美国人和美国人之间交流的关键性东西,如果我们能掌握这6 种技巧,就可以更好地理解美国人的思维,从而学好托福口语。
第一,如何用英文简单界定一个东西的技巧。美国人和美国人交谈80%是想告诉对方这个事物是什么。我们的课本尽管词汇难度不断加深,但思维逻辑结构却只停留在一个水平上。中国人常说Where is the book (这本书在哪儿)?很少有人说What is a book (书是什么)?
而美国的小学生就开始问:what is thebook?这种Where is the book 只是思维的描述阶段。但是我们想连大学生也很难回答What is a book?因为中国传统英语教学模式没有教会学生表达思想的技巧。
第二,如果已经学会界定,但理解还有偏差,那就要训练How to explain things in different ways(用不同的方式解释同一事物)。一种表达式对方不懂,美国人会寻找另一种表达式最终让对方明白。因为事物就一个,但表达它的语言符号可能会很多。这就要多做替换练习。传统的教学方法也做替换练习,但这种替换不是真替换,只是语言层面的替换,而不是思维层面的替换。
比如, I love you(我爱你)。按我们教学的替换方法就把you 换成her,my mother 等,这种替换和小学生练描红没有什么区别。这种替换没有对智力构成挑战,没有启动思维。这种替换句子的基本结构没变,我们听不懂I love you,肯定也听不懂I love her。如果替换为I want to kiss you I want to hug you, I will show my heart to you 等,或者给对方讲电影《泰坦尼克》,告诉对方那就是爱,这样一来对方可能就明白了。这才叫真正的替换。也就是说用一种不同的方式表达同一个意思,或者一个表达式对方听不清楚,举一个简单易懂的例子来表达,直到对方明白。
第三,我们必须学会美国人怎样描述东西。从描述上来讲,由于中美的文化不同会产生很大的差异。我们描述东西无外乎把它放在时间和空间两个坐标上去描述。美国人对空间的描述总是由内及外,由里及表。而中国人正好相反。
从时间上来说,中国人是按自然的时间顺序来描述。我们描述一个东西突然停住时,往往最后说的那个地方是最重要的。美国人在时间的描述上先把最重要的东西说出来,然后再说陪衬的东西。只有发生悲剧性的事件,美国人才在前面加上铺垫。
这就是中国人和美国人在时间描述上的巨大差别。
第四,要学会使用重要的美国习语。不容易学、易造成理解困惑的东西就是“习语”。比如北京人说盖了帽儿了,外国人很难理解,这就是习语。所以和美国人交流时,能适当地运用美国习语,他马上就会觉得很亲切,也很爱和你交流。那么什么是习语?就是每个单词你都认识,但把它我们组合在一起,你就不知道是什么意思了。
第五,学会两种语言的传译能力。这是衡量托福口语水平的一个最重要标准。因为英语不是我们的母语,我们天生就有自己的母语。很多人都认为学好外语必须丢掉自己的母语,这是不对的。
第六,要有猜测能力。为什么美国人和美国人、中国人和中国人之间交流很少产生歧义?就是因为他我们之间能“猜测”。我们的教学不提倡“猜测”。但我们觉得猜测对学好美国口语很重要。在交流中,有一个词你没有听懂,你不可能马上去查字典,这时候就需要猜测来架起一座桥梁来弥补这个缺口,否则交流就会中断。
中国人学习托福口语讲究背诵,背句型、背语调,结果就是很多人讲口语的时候讲着讲着眼就开始向上翻,实际上是在记忆中寻找曾经背过的东西。如果他要是能猜测的话,我们认为也就不会出现这种现象。
最新托福口语题目:过程和结果哪个更重要
Task 2
Which one do you think is more important? The process of doing something or the result at the end?
托福口语范文:过程和结果哪个更重要
I personally believe the result at the end is important but not as important as the process of doing something. The process of doing something simply is the part that gives us all the fun and all the good memories. Take my second-grade assignment as an example, we were all asked to make a report about Thanksgiving. So I teamed up with my dad and little by little, we started this magnificent research of Thanksgiving. I remember I went online and searched for as much related information as possible, how the tradition of Thanksgiving started, how the pilgrims arrived to America and how they celebrated the first Thanksgiving with the native Americans. And my dad helped me make a list of the differences between American and Canadian Thanksgiving. We went to the supermarket together to take pictures of the ingredients people needed to make a traditional Thanksgiving meal. My dad even printed out the recipe of my grandma’s cranberry sauce for me to include in my report. I really can’t recall if I got a good grade that time, but I still remember all the fun I had with my dad and the funny pictures we took in the supermarket, until today I still keep that report because it reminds me of all the fun I had during the process of making it. Plus, through the process of doing something, there’s always something for us to learn, and there’s always something to inspire new ideas.
托福口语题目:好领导该有的特点
T1:Describe the characteristics a good leader should have.
托福口语真题Task1
What do you think is the most important quality for a leader to have?
托福口语范文:好领导该有的特点
Well in my opinion, a good leader should have the following characteristics: first, honesty. It is of utmost importance that a leader is trustworthy. A good leader needs to be trusted and known to live his life with honesty and integrity; or in other words, “walk the talk/practice what he preaches” and in doing so earns the right to have responsibility for others; otherwise, no one will be serious about his words or orders; then leadership will become a joke. Second, communication skills. Being able to clearly and succinctly describe and convince others what you want to achieve is extremely important. If you can’t relate your vision to your team, your people will be confused and distracted, and won’t be able to work towards the same goal.
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