with的用法总结
英语是非常重要的一门学科，我们在学习英语的时候，应该会经常看到with这个单词，那么对于with这个单词的用法，大家了解多少呢？下面是小编给大家带来的with的用法总结_with的用法归纳，以供大家参考，我们一起来看看吧!
★with复合结构★
★★with练习题★★
一、with 结构作定语，修饰前面的名词 (可以是紧跟的名词，也可以是不紧跟的名词，)作定语，带有.....的特征。
1、 with 结构修饰名词，with 作后置定语，不紧跟前面名词的情况。
例，Bihar is India's poorest state, with an annual per capita income of 1, lower than that of the mostimpoverished countries of the world.
with 结构 修饰 Bihar
2、with 结构修饰名词，紧跟名词的情况。
例，Under the restructuring, the huge organization that operates the company's basic businesses will be divided into
five groups, each with its own executive.with 结构修饰 each (group)
二、作原因状语，解释为，由于，因为。
例，With total sales of less than three hundred dollars and fewer new subscribers than last year, the New England
Theatre Company is in danger of losing its building.
三、作伴随或结果状语，表示伴随的情况或结果。
1、with 作伴随状语
曼哈顿论坛Ron 对 with 作伴随状语的解释：
It appears that "with" may be used with a present participle (-ING form) to represent
circumstances that are contemporaneous with the action described in the main clause
大意是，with 引导的状语，与主句动词动作同时发生。
四、【表示使用的工具，手段】用，以，借，在……的帮助下。语法作用：修饰 动词。
with 解释为，在……的帮助下。修饰动词producing
Dolphins lack vocal cords, but they do create sounds, producing a complicated system of whistles, squeaks, moans, trills and clicks with sphincter muscles inside the blowhole.
海豚缺少声带。但是它们确实能产生声音，在喷水孔内部的括约肌的帮助下，产生一系列复杂的由汽笛声，吱吱声，呻吟声，颤音，和咔哒声组成的复杂声音系统。
with 解释为，用……，修饰动词portray
George Sand(Aurore Lucile Dupin) was one of the first European writers to consider the rural poor
legitimate subjects for literature and to portray them with sympathy and respect in her novels.
1、词性不同。with 是介词，而and是连词。
2、在句子中的作用不同。 and连接的词属于并列成分,A and B中,A B是平行的而WITH和后面的词构成“介词+宾语”的结构A with B中,A B是不平行的,A是主要成分,with B则是个附属成分。
3、含义不同。with除了“和”之外还表示带有的意思，而and只表示是“和”的意思。
1.表示方式、手段或工具等时(=以,用),如：with a car 用卡车
2. 与某些抽象名词连用时,其作用相当于一个副词.如：with care=carefully 认真地with kindness=kindly 亲切地
3. 表示条件时,根据情况可与虚拟语气连用.
如：With more money I would be able to buy it.
要是钱多一点,我就买得起了.
With better equipment, we could have finished the job even sooner.
要是设备好些,我们完成这项工作还要快些.
4. 比较with和as：两者均可表示“随着”,但前者是介词,后接名词或代词;后者是连词,用于引导一个句子.
比较：He will improve as he grows older.
随着年龄的增长,他会进步的.
People’s ideas change with the change of the times.
时代变了,人们的观念也会变化.
5. 复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”是一个很有用的结构,它在句中主要用作状语,表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等;其中的宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等.
如：(1) with+宾语+形容词
He often sleeps with the windows open.
他常开着窗睡觉.
Don’t speak with your mouth full.
不要满嘴巴食物说话.
(2) with+宾语+ 副词
He stood before his teacher with his head down.
他低着头，站在老师面前.
He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.
他和衣躺在床上.
(3) with +宾语+ 介词短语
She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.
她含着眼泪说了声再见.
The man was asleep with his head on his arms.
这个人头枕着胳膊睡着了.
(4) with+宾语+现在分词
He fell asleep with the lamp burning.
他没熄灯就睡着了.
I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.
因为妈妈有病, 我无法去度假.
(5) with +宾语+ 过去分词He sat there with his eyes closed.
他闭目坐在那儿.
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作.
(6) with +宾语+ 动词不定式
I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.
要洗这些衣服, 我无法出去了.
With such good cadres to carry out the Party’s policy we feel safe.
有这样的好干部执行党的政策, 我们感到放心.
(7) with +宾语+ 名词
He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl.
他去世时,女儿还是个小学生.
一、with或without+名词/代词+形容词
例句：1.I like to sleep with the windows open.
我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。(伴随情况)
2.With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently.
大气这样闷，十之_要下雨(原因状语)
二、with或without+名词/代词+副词
例句：1.She left the room with all the lights on.她离开了房间，灯还亮着。(伴随情况)
2.The boy stood there with his head down.这个男孩低头站在那儿。(伴随情况)
三、with或without+名词/代词+介词短语
例句：1.He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand.
他走进黑暗的街道时手里拿着根棍子。(伴随情况)
2. With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to.
由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。(原因状语)
四、with或without+名词/代词+非谓语动词
1、with或without+名词/代词 +动词不定式，此时，不定式表示将发生的动作。
例句: 1.With no one to talk to, John felt miserable.由于没人可以说话的人，约翰感到很悲哀。(原因状语)
2. With a lot of work to do, he wasn't allowed to go out.
因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。(原因状语)
2、with + 名词 (或代词) + 现在分词，此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。
例句: 1.With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.
由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。(原因状语)
2. With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.
在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。(伴随情况)
3、with + 名词 (或代词) + 过去分词，此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。
例句: 1.I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.
我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。(伴随情况)
2.She had to walk home with her bike stolen.
自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。(原因状语)
五、with或without+名词/代词+补语
例句：1.Possibly this person died without anyone knowing where the coins were hidden.
有可能，这个人死的时候还没有人知道那些钱币被藏在哪里。
2.He wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall without anyone noticing (him).
他想他是否可以在没有人注意到他的情况下悄悄溜出演讲大厅
3、with the winter coming
随着冬天的来临
with+不定式和+分词的区别：加不定式是指将要进行的动作,加分词是指主动或被动动作.
六、with +宾语(名词，代词)+名词例句：1.He died with his daughter a schoolgirl他在他女儿是个小学生的时候死了.
练习1：请选择最佳答案
1)With nothing_______to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.
A.leaving B.left
C.leave D.toleave
2)The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_______on the wall.
A.fixing B.fixed
C.to be fixing D.to be fixed
3)I live in the house with its door_________to the south.(这里with结构作定语)
A.facing B.faces
C.faced D.being faced
4)They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights____.
A.burn B.burnt
C.burning D.to burn
练习2：用with复合结构完成下列句子
1)_____________(有很多工作要做)，I couldn't go to see the doctor.
2)She sat__________(低着头)。
3)The day was bright_____.(微风吹拂)
4)_________________________，(心存梦想)he went to Hollywood.
练习3：把下列句子中的划线部分改写成with复合结构。
1)Because our lessons were over，we went to play football.
_____________________________.
2)The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands.
_____________________________.
3)My mother is ill，so I won't be able to go on holiday.
_____________________________.
4)An exam will be held tomorrow，so I couldn't go to the cinema tonight.
_____________________________.
答案及分析
答案(练习1)：
1)答案是B.with的宾语nothing和动词leave是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。
2)答案是B.短语fix one's eyes on
sth是“盯着……看”的意思，所以句中hereyes和动词fix是被动关系，所以用过去分词。
3)答案是A.face“朝、向”，是不及物动词，所以和itsdoor是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。
4)答案是C.burn“点燃、发亮、发光”，是不及物动词，所以和theirlights是主动关系，所以用现在分词。
答案(练习2)：
1)With a lot of work to do
2)with her head bent
3)with a fresh breeze blowing
4)With a dream in heart
答案(练习3)：
1)With our lessons over ，we went to play football.
2)The children came running towards us with the flowers in their hands.
3)With my mother being will，I won't be able to go on holiday.
4)With the exam to be held tomorrow，I couldn't go to the cinema tonight.
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