备考雅思写作必备的大纲
在备考雅思写作考试的时候，各位考生有准备大纲吗?或者在我们写任何一篇文章的时候都有列提纲吗?我们都知道，一个合理优秀的提纲会不仅会减少写作时间，更能明确自己要写的内容。所以写作大纲是我们每一个考试生都必须要会的技能。下面我们来看看到底该怎么准备一篇写作大纲，学习啦整理如下。
备考雅思写作必备的大纲
了解雅写作考试的内容和模式
雅思Writing Task 2所占的分数比例比Writing Task1高，难度和对于英语水平的要求都比较高。花在Task1的建议时间是20分钟，而花在Task2的建议时间是40分钟，但也应留小量时间在最后阶段作最后检查。在Task2这一部份，必须写一篇至少250字的评论或报告，测试的不只是考生的写作能力，同时考察考生的思考和判断能力，因此考生们应该对一些社会新闻和常识有一定的认识和见解。
二、明确写作步骤
1. 分析题目
Writing Task2的问题可分为两类。第一类问题需要以讨论形式作答，需要讲出正反两面双方的论点和自己的立场。可以设想这是一场辩论比赛，但要为两方发言，考生要写出足够的证据支持自己的论点和反驳对立的论点。第二类问题是以报告形式作答，需要多描述和发掘有关题目的处境，并不需要太着重写自己的意见，应描述有关题目的处境和发掘事件的成因。虽然并不需要支持正/反一方的论点，但应在真实的处境上提出真实的证据。
2. 考虑答案
在考虑答案时，应能想到两个或以上的论据支持自己的论点，这步骤被称为“Brainstorming”。考生可在一张白纸上写下所有在脑中浮现的文字，先不用理会写下的是否有用，可将题目也写在纸上，然后在围绕题目的地方将所写下的文字分门别类。在第一类问题上，应至少想到2个或以上的支持论据，而在第二类问题上，也应至少想到2个或以上可供讨论的话题，但无论是回答哪一类问题，不建议写超过4个论据或话题，否则由于字数的限制，文章会变得太空泛。
3. 计划和组织答案
考生或许没有时间完整写出计划，但必须在心里组织和安排好答案。主要需要安排好4部分：
1)题目和问题-要认清题目的要求和找出题目中想问的问题;
2)介绍-这是用来表达文章的大意，如果要写的是一篇评论文，笔者的方向也要在这里表达出来;
3)主体-如主体分为三段的话，通常前两段是观点和理由，后一段是用来平衡讨论的相反观点;
4)结论-会包括一点比较次要的观点。
4. 写答案
在一篇250字的文章中，介绍文应占大约40个字而结论文应占大约30个字。当计划好后，便可以开始作答。
1)介绍(Introduction)
介绍文是一篇文章的“地图”，用来提导读者方向。介绍文中第一句的作用是用来说明整篇文章的总义和介绍文章的主题。之后的一至两句则是用来表达自己的个人意见(评论文)或支持论点的客观事实(报告)，通常介绍文的最后一句是用来引出主体文。
2)主体(Body)
与介绍文一样，主体文每段的第一句都是用来说明整段的大意，之后的内容可用连接词(如However, Although, Not only, Also, Even though, Consequently, In addition等等)或顺序词(Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly...)连贯在一起。
在一篇文章中，连接词尽量不要重复。如提出了一个论点，在同一段落里必须有支持这个论点的理由和证据，每段的最后一句通常用来总结整段的意思。在一篇评论文中，必须有一段相反论点以平衡整个讨论，在这一段里，必须能有理地反驳这些相反论点，讲出为什么要持相反意见。可强烈地、温和地或只是部分地反对。
3)结论(Conclusion)
结论文的开始通常都会用一个特别结论句式(In general, To sum up, To conclude, In conclusion等等)来串联整段。在结论文中，条件句(Conditional sentence)(If...., ....)是非常有用的。当然，在文章的其他位置也可以用条件句，使用条件句时，须注意有没有文法错误。
雅思写作范文：记者的品格
We can get knowledge from news, but some people think we can't trust the journalist, what do u think? And what do you think are the important qualities that a journalist should have?
我们能从新闻中学到知识，但有人认为我们不能相信记者，你的看法呢?你认为记者应该有哪些重要的品格?
思路解析：
问题1： 过于依赖网络，不出去挖掘和发现新闻，总是拷贝和转发别人的文章，缺乏原创性。
问题2： 不客观。举例，很多记者草率的使用那些来源不可靠的信息，这会造成谣言四起。
问题3： 缺乏职业道德。举例，很多记者受贿了。他们隐瞒真相，误导大众，这严重破坏了社会媒体的民主和公平。
素质1： 要有热情。记者应该到事件现场去深入了解情况，掌握第一手的资料。
素质2： 要有责任心。举例，记者应该参与到第一线来收集新闻和线索，这有利于还原真相。
素质3： 要有职业操守。举例，记者应该把社会利益放到自我利益之前，富贵不能淫。
参考范文：
Nowadays, the journalists are losing the prestige in the public because fewer people trust them. In my opinion, this trend is caused by some ill behaviors of them. The reasons and the good qualities of a journalist will be presents as below.
I have to concede that a large proportion of journalists are under the standards of journalism ethics, which leads to the public concerns of the qualities of news in media. Firstly, with the great convenience provided by the Internet, journalists can have an easy access to acquiring all kinds of information. Some of them then begin to repetitively copy or reproduce the news report from certain websites only by clicking the mouse in the office, instead of going outside for practical research. That is to say, these journalists are too lazy to write the original and in-depth news reports.
In addition, the lack of responsibility among journalists also contributes to the news crisis. For example, some of them write and report news by depending on unreliable information sources, so that newspapers and TVs are full of data mistakes and lies. Moreover, influential media are viewed as rumormongers, because they spread false news of natural disasters, social epidemics or terrorist attacks, incurring unnecessary panics in the public. The most worrying aspect is news objectiveness. In many cases of news crimes, bribed news editors cover and twist the truth of social issues, which misleads the public judgment, as well as damages the equity and democracy of social media.
In order to recover the faith and confidence of audience for news media, many good standards of journalist should be built up and tested. Firstly, journalists should have the professional dedication, which means a strong willing to go into the frontline of events, and make efforts of exploring and collecting the firsthand news materials. By this way, the high values of news reports can be ensured. Secondly, high-level work moralities are a must, including honesty, integrity, and law-abiding awareness. These traits can improve the immunity of news practicers from the lure of money. Besides, journalists should learn to give the priority to the social benefits, over the individual media benefits. In other words, what they report on media should be accurate, objective and accountable, rather than publishing untrue news only for attracting more audience.
In conclusion, there are many reasons why massive news media become more untrustful in the public, mainly including the loss of work passion and obligation. For the purpose of curing these ill journalists, some good qualities should be cultivated and encouraged, like the dedication, righteousness and carefulness.
(429 words)
雅思写作范文：青少年罪犯是否该判刑
Task：Young people who commit serious crimes should be punished in the same way as adults. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
思路解析：
1. 应该，严肃的法律能起到一种威慑作用，让青少年们不敢再次犯罪。举例，今天我们对于青少年罪犯的法律惩罚实在是不痛不痒，甚至是太仁慈了，这让年轻人藐视法律，他们会想，即使犯罪也没什么大不。所以像成年人那样惩罚他们很必要，比如说关监狱，而不是简单地口头教导。这些痛苦的惩罚让年轻人不敢随便挑战社会法规。
2. 然而，年轻人的司法体系应该更加灵活一些，这是因为年轻人很年轻，不成熟，他们的犯罪动机很可能不是那么邪恶。举例，成年罪犯的抢劫动机很明确，就是通过袭击他人来获取财富。相比之下，青少年伤害他人的行为很可能只是因为来自同伴的压力，或是因为一时冲动。考虑到他们并不是有意要犯罪，所以给他们较轻的判罚是可以理解的。
参考范文：
Should young criminals be punished on the same level of adults, as some people argue? Personally, I agree with is assertion partially, while it underestimates the importance of a flexible judgment on youngsters.
The main reason of using the same standard to punish the youth is, it deters them from further crimes. Today, the main cause of juvenile crimes increasing is a lenient juvenile judicial system and milder punishments like lighter sentences, shortened prison terms, or even probation. Youngsters think they can always get off easily, regardless the seriousness of crimes. Therefore, it is necessary for juvenile offenders to be tried as strictly as adults, which lets these youngsters know that they are not exempt from heavy penalties, and not given any special consideration because of their age factor. By this way, their desires of making illegal activities would be inhibited.
However, to a large extent, juvenile judicial system should be flexible. Psychologically speaking, youngsters under the age of 18 are immature, with less social experience and concepts about social rules, or with no recognition about the consequence. In many cases, young criminals have no idea that what they do is illegal. For example, compared with adult criminals who have the definite plans and goals to make money by hunting or killing victims, the testimony of many teenage thieves and robbers proves that their movements are purposeless, and the main reasons for them to do so are no more than peer pressure and impulsiveness. Therefore, when it comes to the fact that adult criminals are intentional but young ones are unintentional, it is reasonable to treat and trial them differently.
In conclusion, a flexible juvenile judicial system should be encouraged. Although a strict punishment to young offenders as adults might be a profound education for young generations, sentences on young offenders should be lighter, considering the fact that their intentions of breaking law are fundamentally different from that of adults.
(320 words)
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