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雅思作文经济类词汇

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  写作需要大量的词汇为基础,下面小编为了助力大家备考雅思写作,给你们分享一些经济类的词汇,希望对大家有所帮助。

雅思大作文必备单词社会经济类

  market economy市场经济;

  market failure市场失灵;

  inflation通货膨胀;

  microeconomics微观经济学;

  macroeconomics宏观经济学;

  import进口;

  export出口;

  quantity demanded需求量;

  quantity supplied供给量;

  surplus过剩;

  shortage短缺;

  urbanization城市化

  centralization集中化

  imbalance不平衡

  in the long run从长远角度而言

  infrastructure基础设施

  booming繁荣发展的

  tertiary industry第三产业

  tranquility宁静

  revenue税收

  commercialization商业化

  traffic congestion交通拥挤

  water scarcity水短缺

  the environmentalpollution环境污染

  over-industrialization过度工业化

  over-crowdedness过度拥挤

  unemployment失业

  wealth distribution财富分配

  social instability社会动荡

  urban construction城市建设

  population explosion人口激增

  a rising crime rate犯罪率上升

  drain of energy and resources能源和资源消耗

  offer more job opportunities提供更多的就业机会

  a rapid pace of life快节奏生活

  stress-related illnesses与压力有关的疾病

  2016年10月29日雅思考试大作文范文(经济类题材)

  Task:Is it a good thing for the senior managers to have better salaries than other workers in a company or organization?To what extent do you agree or disagree?

  Sample answer:

  If Karl Marx was still alive in the word, chances are that he would frown upon the widening disparity between the well-paid senior staff, who are in charge of lifeblood of the company and other workers who are heavily exploited of the view that the salary should be in line with the hierarchy of staff in their companies.

  The staff who are in the relatively high level in companies assume more accountability of the operation of companies, which justifies the status qua that are supposed to be better rewarded. The senior members' responsibilities do not only confine in the office trifles such as printing the files for the meeting, or work out a balance sheet for the financial quarter. Instead, they are under the massive pressure to be insightful policy makers who are seemingly at ease with daunting tasks, because one of the their minor mistakes is likely to trigger a blunder, bringing inevitable financial loss to their companies.

  On the other hand, the high salary of the senior staff can also serve as incentive to their subordinates. Monetary reward, materialistic as it might be, can stir more motivation of staff, because it is a conspicuous fact that a decent salary is the foundation of the daily life. With the seductive payback, workers are more willing to fulfill their duties with higher quality and the talent of the able would be fully tapped to the benefit for companies and themselves.

  Of course, the dark sides cannot be neglected due to its advantages the high salary brings. Certain senior members share the lion’s share of benefit and the rest of it is then allocated to majority of junior employees. This income gap is a dormant factor that can damage the rapport of the members and undermine the overall moral and collaboration of different levels of staff.

  In conclusion, the principle of “no pain no gain” still works as a maxim in the modern companies. Egalitarianism is only a Utopian depiction, while utilitarianism has the final say.

  雅思写作提高--转变思维是唯一办法

  如果说有什么方法可以提高雅思写作成绩,我想从根本上提高的唯一办法就是转变思维方式,也就是把中式思维向英式思维靠拢,只有这样才能符合雅思考官的喜好,才能得高分。本文中,将具体介绍一下中式思维和英式思维的区别,以及怎样才能写出更符合雅思考官要求的作文。

  事实上,如果脑袋里有一个中文的概念或者想法,要用英文来表达的时候总是免不了紧张,因为由于中英两国的文化不同,很多东西无法表达----非常可能不是因为考生的语言问题,而是因为这个中国的概念在英文里面根本就不存在。有数字统计过中英两国语言的词汇量只有40%能互通(所谓的equivalent),而这就意味着剩余的60%的表达肯定是和原文有很大出入的。

  甚至很多我们生活中经常使用的语言,不假思索就能说出的概念,在英语文化里很可能根本就没有对应的表达,例如“热闹”这个词,考生们可以试试能否在英文单词中找到让你满意的对得上号的词。“这个地方很热闹”这句话,根据语境可以有不同的翻译,但是总体而言,“热闹”作为一个词来说,在英文里几乎是没有对应的。

  正因为如此,我们才强调,写英语作文,说英语口语,要用英语思维,不要用中式思维。这对于很多人来说是个很空洞的概念,只有当你真正用英语与外国人交流的时候才会体会到英式思维的重要性。

  这的确很难,因为我们在中式思维里面扎根的太深了。事实上,这也和两国语言本身的特点有关。鲁迅就说过,中文和外文比,吃亏就吃在不够精确,具体到单词水平,就是“词汇量少”。因为词汇量少,因此中文特别讲究“上下文”,一个模糊的词只有在一个特定的语境里面才能让读者感到一个特定的意思。

  相比而言,英文在这方面就不是这样,具体的说,大部分英语词都是有着非常确定的意思的,因此,那些在中文里面需要联系上下文才能端倪出的细微差别,也许在英文里面只是另一个单词而已。记住这点,笔者下面所说的也许会对诸位有用,在这里,笔者提供一个方法,就是如果你脑袋中有一个想法的话,仔细想想你到底想精确说的是什么意思。比如,当你想说某一个命题错误的时候,你最好想清楚它到底错在哪里,“illogical, irresponsible, biased, prejudice, fallacy, untrue”这些词之间都有着或大或小的差别,所以主要想看你到底想说的是什么。

  所以,诸位想锻炼写作的话,建议要做的第一样功课,就是求精细。只有你自己求精细了,才能发现报刊、书籍中对相近的概念的不同表达法的精妙之处,才会由衷地为某篇文章的一个用词会心一笑。写作就是思维表达的一种形式。西方人直线式的思维方式体现在语言上就是西方人说话写文章喜欢开门见山,把关键性的话放在开头,然后再论及其它次要的内容。

  而写作涉及到语言的方方面面,从语言的结构上来说最基本的因素包括遣词、造句和篇章。螺旋与直入的思维差异就会影响到这些方面,具体包括修饰语与中心词、句子和篇章。

  修饰语与中心词

  英语的修饰语,如介词短语、动词不定式、分词、定语从句等皆放在被修饰语的后面;而汉语的修饰语无论长短、繁简,皆置于被修饰语的前面。体现了直入与螺旋的不同的思维方式。例如:

  1. The scientists everywhere in the world are looking for the efficient methods to make the air clean and protect it from the pollution by all kinds of industrial harmful waste gases.

  汉语“全世界的科学家”,修饰语在前,中心词在后,而英语则是中心词在前,修饰语在后。“净化空气、防止空气受到各种有害工业废气污染的有效方法”同样是修饰语在前,中心词在后,而英语则相反。

  2. We appreciate your words about the relations between our two countries.

  汉语“有关我们两国关系的谈话”,修饰语在前,中心词在后,而英语则是中心词在前,修饰语在后。“有关我们两国关系”,同样是修饰语在前,中心词在后,而英语则相反。

  3. The hungry boy ate up everything he could have his hands on from the refrigerator.

  “他从冰箱里所能拿到的吃的东西”,修饰语在前,中心词在后,而英语则是中心词在前,修饰语在后。

  4. The problem arose of how to fairly distribute the world natural resources.

  比较而言,该句主语太长,谓语太短,构成了不连续性修饰语,不过还是有些突兀,但修饰语还得后置。而汉语“怎样合理分配世界自然资然的问题”仍是修饰语在前,中心词在后。

  句子

  英语句子开门见山,其主谓结构是全句的“纲”,其余成份是“目”,一般先下结论,后叙事,从近到远,新近发生的事先出现,重心落在句首。汉语句子一般以逻辑关系和时间的先后顺序排列,一般先叙事,后下结论,由远及近,重心落在句尾。这种差异体现了直入与螺旋的不同的思维方式。

  中国学生在英语写作时往往会受汉语思维的影响,写出下面的句子:

  1. When I stayed in Guangzhou last month, you helped me. I am grateful for that.

  2. Tom’s mother died when he was only two years old, so he did not remember her.

  3. After we left China in 1959, the natural calamities happened one after another for three years in the country. While we read about it at home, we had been dismayed.

  4. It looked rain that evening, yet Dad came all the same. That made us very joyful.

  如果按英语直入的思维方式,以上几句要改写成:

  1. I am very grateful for your help to me during my stay in Guangzhou last month.

  2. Tom did not remember his mother who died when he was only two years old.

  3. We had been dismayed at home while reading of the natural calamities that happened one after another for three years after we left China in 1959.

  4. It looked rain that evening, yet to our great joy, Dad came all the same.

  这种思维方式的转换要是更复杂一点,对中国学生来说,是需要操练的。例如:

  1. 我认为如果他们初次相识时,她很穷,他未必会爱她。这位女性由于对他有好感而帮助他,使他心存感激,这种感激之情很容易发展成为真挚的爱情。

  I do not suppose he would have loved her if she had been poor when he first knew her, but the gratitude which he felt for the help which he owed to her kindly interest in him easily developed into a sincere affection. (条件关系和多层因果关系的转换)

  2. 她去深圳参加一个会议,会议结束后,她就到香港去购物,昨天才回来。

  She came back yesterday from Hong Kong where she had gone shopping after the meeting in Shenzhen.(时间顺序的转换)

  段落篇章

  总体而言,英文篇章,一般都采用直线型的形式,尤其是说明文议论文,更是一般——具体式的。英语篇章是a writer-responsible pattern, 即作者在篇章中有责任、有义务向读者交代其主旨或目的。为使读者省时高效,英语篇章开门见山,一开头就直接点明段落的主题句 (topic sentence) 或全文的中心思想 (thesis statement), 即亮明作者的观点、态度、看法等;或者以引言开门,即“首先用一个熟悉的事实、观点、故事、引言等开头,然后直接见到作者全文的观点思想”。

  由以上分析可知,西方人的直线式思维和中国人的螺旋式思维存在明显的差异,体现在语言中,几乎渗透到语言的各个单位,包括词汇、句子、段落和全篇。当然,笔者无意说思维模式孰好孰坏,正如我们不能断言文化模式孰好孰坏一样。但作为学英语的中国人,学原汁原味的语言是我们要达到的最高境界。自然,这里的语言也应包括discourse或text。

  因此考生们要知道,一种思维是一种文化长期的积淀,它已进入该民族的潜意识,根深蒂固,如果只学语言本身,不会知其所以然,一旦到了使用语言时,汉语思维自然突现,写出Chinglish, 浑然不知。此外,建议考生多背诵和模仿英语经典文章,如《新概念英语》第三册上的文章,笔者认为皆为语言的精华,不但文词优美,每课都是一篇范文,原汁原味,多读这样的文章,一定会有所启发。由此看来,老生常谈而又令人费解的“学会用英语思维”,倒不如换个说法——学会英汉思维转换,即懂得英汉思维的差异,在平时读书的时候去真实地领悟,久而久之,就能写出地道的英文来,至少不会写出那么多的Chinglish。

  综上所述,想要取得雅思写作7分甚至更高的分数,单靠所谓的模板和复杂的句式是做不到的,只有从写作思维模式上进行改变,才有可能取得好的写作成绩。而中式思维的根深蒂固必定会对正确的英语写作思维产生阻力,因此,临摹英式思维的文章以及阅读海外学术著作对于转变写作思维有着至关重要的作用。

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