托福阅读细节题技巧实例解析
有一些考生很害怕遇到托福阅读中的细节题，那么你知道有哪些技巧可以很好地解决它吗？下面小编给大家分享一下。
托福阅读技巧：细节题如何做?
托福考试中考生最爱轻视的就是托福阅读，原因是绝大部分考生感觉阅读是强项，对于强项不用过多的重视，然而这种认知不一定准确。通过很多例子我们发现到不少抱有这样想法这样的考生，自认新托福阅读不错的，实际考出来的分数只有22分左右，甚至会更低。那么我们解决这种窘境呢?
ETS对阅读高水平(High level)的评定标准是22—30分。而事实上，阅读如果达不到25分以上，总分想要过百会比较困难，因为这相当于把挣分的压力转移到了大部分人比较弱的听力、口语、写作上面。由此可见，阅读取得高分对于获得百分以上的托福成绩是一种保证!
托福阅读中的细节题其实不难，但前提是定位的点要对，比如下面这个例题：
Two species of deer have been prevalent in the Puget Sound area of Washington State in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The black-tailed deer, a lowland, west-side cousin of the mule deer of eastern Washington, is now the most common. The other species, the Columbian white-tailed deer, in earlier times was common in the open prairie country, it is now restricted to the low, marshy islands and flood plains along the lower Columbia River.
According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of the white-tailed deer of Puget Sound?
A. It is native to lowlands and marshes.
B. It is more closely related to the mule deer of eastern Washington than to other types of deer.
C. It has replaced the black-tailed deer in the open prairie.
D. It no longer lives in a particular type of habitat that it once occupied.
这是一个典型的细节题，在该题题干中，有的考生会选择Puget Sound作为关键词回原文定位，因为它是专有名词，在文中会比较显眼。但是如果一旦选择了这个地名，势必会定位在该段的第一句话，托福细节题往往是定位在哪句就在哪句找答案，这样的话考生是选不出正确答案的，因为定位不精确。其实正确的关键词应该是white-tailed deer，这个用连字符连接的词在文章中也是比较醒目的，按该词定位应是该段最后一句话。所以根据它的意思应该选D项。其中A项与原句意思不符，B和C都与定位句信息无关。我们再来看另外一个否定事实细节题的例子：
Plant communities assemble themselves flexibly, and their structure depends on the particular history of the area. Ecologists use the term “succession” to refer to the changes that happen in plant communities and ecosystems over time. The first community in a succession is called a pioneer community, while the long-lived community at the end of succession is called a climax community. Pioneer and successional plant communities are said to change over periods from 1 to 500 years. These changes—in plant numbers and the mix of species—are cumulative. Climax communities themselves change but over periods of time greater than about 500 years.
According to paragraph 1, which of the following is NOT true of climax communities?
A. They occur at the end of a succession.
B. They last longer than any other type of community.
C. The numbers of plants in them and the mix of species do not change
D. They remain stable for at least 500 years at a time.
这个题大家都会选择用climax communities去定位，但在定位过程中会出现很多问题。首先考生要学会跳跃式定位，即根据文章中特殊的标点符号以及最醒目的词来搜索我们真正需要的关键词。文中的particular是加了阴影的，succession是在引号里面的，都非常醒目，通过看这两个词我们会发现它们附近没有我们需要的东西;再比较突出的就是数字及破折号，在500的上方有a climax community，但它是单数，与题干关键词不完全匹配，细节题讲究的是精确定位，所以我们应该选择500斜下方的Climax communities，即该段的最后一句话。
否定事实细节题的出题思路有两种：一是无中生有，即根据定位点的内容，四个选项只有一个没有提到，这种思路多适用于选项比较简短的题目;二是张冠李戴，即根据定位点的内容表述，只有一个选项与之矛盾，这种思路多适应于选项比较长的题目。就这个例题而言，根据定位的最后一句话，从表述上来说跟它相关的只有C和D两个选项，D项的意思与原句相符，而C项与原句矛盾，所以正确答案是C。综上所述，做新托福阅读的细节题，最重要的一点就是要尽量地去精确定位。、
托福阅读备考全攻略之【细节题 无耻技巧篇】
无耻技巧1： 带程度副词的，比如only well clearly往往都是错的，这种选项往往很有迷惑性，因为它看似是同义转述，实际确扩大或缩小了词义(说的好抽象 呵呵)
比如原文说，我打了他，选项：I hit him severely，这个选项一定是错的，人家有没说怎么打的，又没说经脉尽断，你为什么要主观臆断他狠狠的打了呢??!!这个不仅仅适用于细节题，还适用于推断题，讲推断题的时候我给大家举个例子。
无耻技巧2：类似于程度副词，一般有more than或者比较级的都是错的，原文没有比较，你不能自己给人家比较，比如说她很美，选项是她比杨幂美，(杨幂是我最喜欢的女明星哈)，那么这个选项都是错的。哪怕是对的，我也不会选，因为在我心中，杨幂是最美的 呵呵!
无耻技巧3：敏感于数字，当定位句中有数字的时候，数字之间的比较就是考点。
For example：
Paragraph 9: The muscles of these fishes and the mechanism that maintains a warm body temperature are also highly efficient. A bluefin tuna in water of 7°C (45°F) can maintain a core temperature of over 25°C (77°F). This warm body temperature may help not only the muscles to work better, but also the brain and the eyes. The billfishes have gone one step further. They have evolved special "heaters" of modified muscle tissue that warm the eyes and brain, maintaining peak performance of these critical organs.
10. According to paragraph 9, which of the following is true of bluefin tunas?
○Their eyes and brain are more efficient than those of any other fish.
○Their body temperature can change greatly depending on the water temperature.
○They can swim in waters that are much colder than their own bodies.
○They have special muscle tissue that warms their eyes and brain.
解析：还是第一步先找关键词，关键词是bluefin tunas，这两个词不认识，没关系，到现在我都不认识，直接换成BT就可以了，第二步回去找定位句，在第二句中首次出现了BT，并且出现了两组数字，那么这两组数字的比较就是考点。第三步，读明白这句话，在7°水中的BT可以有一个超过25°的核心温度。第四步，看选项吧，
A选项，就是我刚说完的无耻技巧2，more than是错的，原文是说了eyes and brain，也给了很高的评价，说maintaining peak performance of these critical organs. 但是却没有和其它生物比较，所以它是错的。
B选项，无耻技巧1出现了，greatly，谁告诉你greatly了??!!!即使你不会这个技巧，这个选项本身就是与原文相反的，它们的能力是在不同的水温中保持稳定的体温，而不是change。
C选项，无耻技巧3，数字的比较，7°的水 和25°的体温，就是in waters that are much colder than their own bodies.
D选项，我之前说的细节题选项的错误特征里面的第三种，比较有迷惑性的，原文有，但是不在定位句之内，关键词是bluefin tunas，D选项说的是The billfishes，考点信息之外。
无耻技巧4：这个算不上无耻技巧，正常的思路吧，原文说A和B不同，B有C特征，那么答案是A没有C特征。这种题比较考读长句的能力，通常形式是
A differ from B，which(B的定语从句，说明B的特征C)或是unlike A，B怎么怎么有C的特征，
e.g.
Paragraph 4: With the advent of projection in 1895-1896, motion pictures became the ultimate form of mass consumption. Previously, large audiences had viewed spectacles at the theater, where vaudeville, popular dramas, musical and minstrel shows, classical plays, lectures, and slide-and-lantern shows had been presented to several hundred spectators at a time. But the movies differed significantly from these other forms of entertainment, which depended on either live performance or (in the case of the slide-and-lantern shows) the active involvement of a master of ceremonies who assembled the final program.
6. According to paragraph 4, how did the early movies differ from previous spectacles that were presented to large audiences?
○They were a more expensive form of entertainment.
○They were viewed by larger audiences.
○They were more educational.
○They did not require live entertainers.
第一步，还有找关键词early movies和previous spectacles，你要注意了，early movies就是上面说的A，previous spectacles就是B，那么寻找B的特征就ok了。
第二步，找定位句吧，我说了无非两种 一个differ from的 一个unlike的，很容易找到了But the movies differed significantly from these other forms of entertainment, which depended on either live performance or (in the case of the slide-and-lantern shows) the active involvement of a master of ceremonies who assembled the final program.
第三步，分析，But the movies(A) differed significantly from these other forms of entertainment(B), which(定语从句说出B的特征) depended on either live performance or (in the case of the slide-and-lantern shows) the active involvement of a master of ceremonies who assembled the final program.
Or后面的成分，我之前说过 a1ora2读一个即可，所以，后面很长很闹心的部分，不读了!
第四部啊，ABC我们都找到了，回头看选项吧，
选项A 原文没提的
选项B 无耻技巧2 不能比较
选项C 还有原文没提的
选项D did not require live entertainers.不就是没有B的depended on either live performance的特征么
细节题的总结到此为止，技巧的东西要活学活用，自己先看看理解了，然后运用到做题中变成你自己的，做题的时候要不以对喜，不以错悲，给你篇阿拉伯语的阅读按照几率乱选你也能对三四个，所以，每道题都要认真反思，弄清楚出题思路和选项设置，这样才能有提高!不然就陷入了the more you 作，the more you 错的痛苦深渊!
托福阅读细节题的解题方法(实例详解)
托福阅读细节题是托福阅读考试中比较常见的一种题。一般一篇阅读文章有12-14题，可其中细节题有可能会占据4-6题，所以托福阅读细节题在托福阅读考试中占据的还是比较大的。对于托福阅读细节题来说，是一类能屈能伸的题型，就是说它要容易，可能很容易，它要想难，可以非常难。故而考生复习到后期的时候，统计错题时，就会发现，错的最多的就是细节题，所它这类题让考生十分的纠结。
可以说托福阅读细节题占据了托福阅读考试的半壁江山了不为过，是我们托福阅读取得高分的基础，因我们不得不想办法去攻克它。从考察能力上去看，托福阅读细节题主要考察考生的关键词抓取和在文章中定位有用的解题信息能力。细节题的问题一般都是纯粹的事实层面上的问题，主要是问作者说了什么?哪些信息是真的?解答这类题的时候，80%的题在文章中找到一两个关键句子就可以答对题了。这就意味着考生要根据题干中提供的关键词，回到原文中精准地找到解题的关键句子，读懂了之后，就能快速的把细节题解对而无需阅读全文或者全段。这种能力对同学们今后在美国大学中求学生涯来说是至关重要的。因为美国大学要求的阅读量远比中国大学要求的阅读量要大。那么在浩瀚如烟的文章中怎样快速找到有用的信息，就决定了你的阅读的速度和阅读的质量。因此ETS将这种题放在第一的位置上来介绍，也是费了一番心思的。
托福阅读中的细节题其实不难，但前提是定位的点要对，比如下面这个例题：
Two species of deer have been prevalent in the Puget Sound area of Washington State in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The black-tailed deer, a lowland, west-side cousin of the mule deer of eastern Washington, is now the most common. The other species, the Columbian white-tailed deer, in earlier times was common in the open prairie country, it is now restricted to the low, marshy islands and flood plains along the lower Columbia River.
According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of the white-tailed deer of Puget Sound?
A. It is native to lowlands and marshes.
B. It is more closely related to the mule deer of eastern Washington than to other types of deer.
C. It has replaced the black-tailed deer in the open prairie.
D. It no longer lives in a particular type of habitat that it once occupied.
这是一个典型的细节题，在该题题干中，有的考生会选择Puget Sound作为关键词回原文定位，因为它是专有名词，在文中会比较显眼。但是如果一旦选择了这个地名，势必会定位在该段的第一句话，托福细节题往往是定位在哪句就在哪句找答案，这样的话考生是选不出正确答案的，因为定位不精确。其实正确的关键词应该是white-tailed deer，这个用连字符连接的词在文章中也是比较醒目的，按该词定位应是该段最后一句话。所以根据它的意思应该选D项。其中A项与原句意思不符，B和C都与定位句信息无关。我们再来看另外一个否定事实细节题的例子：
Plant communities assemble themselves flexibly, and their structure depends on the particular history of the area. Ecologists use the term “succession” to refer to the changes that happen in plant communities and ecosystems over time. The first community in a succession is called a pioneer community, while the long-lived community at the end of succession is called a climax community. Pioneer and successional plant communities are said to change over periods from 1 to 500 years. These changes—in plant numbers and the mix of species—are cumulative. Climax communities themselves change but over periods of time greater than about 500 years.
According to paragraph 1, which of the following is NOT true of climax communities?
A. They occur at the end of a succession.
B. They last longer than any other type of community.
C. The numbers of plants in them and the mix of species do not change
D. They remain stable for at least 500 years at a time.
这个题大家都会选择用climax communities去定位，但在定位过程中会出现很多问题。首先考生要学会跳跃式定位，即根据文章中特殊的标点符号以及最醒目的词来搜索我们真正需要的关键词。文中的particular是加了阴影的，succession是在引号里面的，都非常醒目，通过看这两个词我们会发现它们附近没有我们需要的东西;再比较突出的就是数字及破折号，在500的上方有a climax community，但它是单数，与题干关键词不完全匹配，细节题讲究的是精确定位，所以我们应该选择500斜下方的Climax communities，即该段的最后一句话。
否定事实细节题的出题思路有两种：一是无中生有，即根据定位点的内容，四个选项只有一个没有提到，这种思路多适用于选项比较简短的题目;二是张冠李戴，即根据定位点的内容表述，只有一个选项与之矛盾，这种思路多适应于选项比较长的题目。就这个例题而言，根据定位的最后一句话，从表述上来说跟它相关的只有C和D两个选项，D项的意思与原句相符，而C项与原句矛盾，所以正确答案是C。
托福阅读细节题技巧实例解析相关文章：
3.雅思托福阅读对比
