托福阅读提分的三大步骤
常有考生反映自己的托福阅读备考效率不高，看似做了许多题目，但实际上真实的应试能力和得分还是在原地踏步。之所以会有这类问题，大家需要检讨自己的阅读备考方法。如何提升学习效率?下面小编就来为大家讲解托福阅读提分的三大步骤。
托福阅读提分的三大步骤
第一，掌握词汇
在托福考试的备考过程中，词汇是至关重要的，每一道题都和单词息息相关。背单词的根本捷径就是要坚持。首先选择一本乱序的托福词汇书，按计划每天背诵一百个左右，这一百个单词可以分三组来背，早上三十，中午三十，下午三十。记住背完单词之后，当天晚上一定要进行复习和检查，检查的方式可以是英译中，中译英或者听译，整理出没有记住的单词，第二天早晨复习。然后集中刷托福的词汇题，一天刷50题左右，在刷题的过程中积累核心词汇。
第二，熟悉背景知识
很多学生在练习的过程中会遇到内容太陌生的文章，以至于很难投入做题。比如TPO里面有一篇文章讲到化学元素周期表，部分学生觉得读起来很费劲，然而化学专业的学生做起来跟开了外挂一样爽。托福阅读内容的难度是国外大学程度的学术类文章的难度。所以学生在复习备考的过程中，如果时间充足的话，可以对托福阅读所涉及的背景知识多一些了解，扩大知识面，比如读一些 The Economist 的文章。如果时间比较紧张，建议就拿TPO就可以了，通过做TPO了解相关背景知识。做完一篇文章后，还要整体地总结一下文章大意和思路，总结出每一段的段落大意。
第三，运用解题技巧
托福阅读考试一共有十种题型，词汇题，句子简化题，指代题和句子插入题是对核心词汇，句子核心意思和段内结构的考察;细节题，推断题，否定信息题和修辞目的题是对文章细节的考察;六选三和表格题是对文章的分析和总结。
1. 细节题要注意利用关键词定位，关键词选择数字，人名地名和专有名词。找到关键词所在的句子，和选项进行核对的时候注意同义替换，比如：
Paragraph 1: It should be obvious that cetaceans-whales, porpoises, and dolphins-are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke and blowhole cannot disguise their affinities with land-dwelling mammals.
In paragraph 1, what does the author say about the presence of a blowhole in cetaceans?
A. It clearly indicates that cetaceans are mammals.
B. It cannot conceal the fact that cetaceans are mammals.
C. It is the main difference between cetaceans and land-dwelling mammals.
D. It cannot yield clues about the origins of cetaceans.
根据关键词blowhole定位到 and the presence of a fluke and blowhole cannot disguise their affinities with land-dwelling mammals，核对选项，conceal 和disguise 同义替换。
2. 句子简化题要求正确选项能够准确表达原句的核心意思，保证逻辑关系不变 (因果，转折，对比，比较，并列)，主体不变和修饰不变。我们可以先从逻辑关系入手，排除一些选项，比如：
The Whigs were strongest in the towns, cities, and those rural areas that were fully integrated into the market economy, whereas Democrats dominated areas of semisubstence farming that were more isolated and languishing economically.
A Whigs were able to attract support only in the wealthiest parts of the country because Democrates dominated in other areas.
B Whig and Democratic areas of influence were naturally split between urban and rural areas, respectively.
C The semisubsistence farming areas dominated by Democrats became increasingly isolated by the Whigs' control of the market economy .
D The Democrats' power was greatest in poor areas while the Whigs were strongest in those areas where the market was already fully opening.
原句的“whereas”表示对比，与之相一致的只有D选项的“while”。
托福阅读备考这3个做法让学习提分事半功倍
1、备考阅读不能忽视做题技巧
在托福阅读的答题过程中不仅要掌握科学的备考方法，还需要掌握一些做题的技巧。例如说在议论类型的阅读题当中，我们同学可以按照“一线三定位”方法来解答。
”一线“就是议论文中存在的一条主基线，文章都是围绕这条线来展开。”三定位“就是定位题干关键词、定位与题干想干的段落、定位中心思想找出论证。按照这样的方法去解答议论类型题，我们可以既又准确又快速地解答出题干的答案，也能为其他模块的考试节省下很多时间。
2、备考时间有限，要尽快提高阅读速度
在平时的学习、训练中积极扩大托福阅读词汇量。词汇是学习任何一门外语的基础，如果没有一定的词汇量作为基础，很难想象我们能较为顺畅地去理解一篇英文文章的内容，也就更别提去提升我们的阅读速度了。托福阅读速度的提升一定是要建立在读懂文章的基础之上的。
平时如战时，阅读时注意力要高度集中。如果我们的思维很难与作者想表达的意图产生共鸣，从而从根本上影响我们的阅读质量和速度。长期大量阅读，语言的学习从本质上说有一个渐进的过程，这就决定了我们语言水平的提升要经过一个量变到质变的阶段，而长期大量的阅读就是其中最重要的一点。
3、备考“英语化”，适应考试潮流
在托福阅读的练习过程汇总，英语的思维方式。从宏观层面说，英语思维是一种较为典型的线性思维、结果思维其不同于汉语的点性思维，而我们广大学生在这一点上的相对空白，使得他们在实际的阅读中，要不断地把英文下意识地转化成中文再进行做题判断，进而大大影响做题速度。
针对这一点，我们就必须要下大力气来提高我们的综合英语实力以及语言运用能力。在平时的备考中多多背诵一些习语和惯用搭配，更加深入的了解托福阅读文章。
托福阅读材料：十大热门求婚地点
Traditional marriage proposals could soon be consigned to the history books – with almost half of them now happening at home in front of the TV.
传统的求婚方式可能很快就只在历史书里出现了，现在几乎有一半的求婚是在家里看电视的时候完成的。
A study of newlyweds has found modern men are ditching age-old traditional proposal custom in favour of a more lacklustre approach.
一项针对新婚夫妇的调查发现，现代人渐渐地不再遵循传统的求婚习俗，而更倾向于没有惊喜的平凡求婚方式。
The study found only a third of men now go down on one knee to pop the question as their fathers and grandfathers’ generations would have done.
研究发现，只有三分之一的男性现在还会像他们的父辈和祖辈那样单膝下跪求婚。
And the age-old tradition of asking the bride’s father for her hand in marriage is also on the verge of dying out with 63% of recently married males claiming they “didn’t bother”.
而另一项古老的传统——就结婚事宜请求新娘父亲的首肯——也在慢慢消失，有63%的新婚男性说他们不再“这么费事了”。
Even the idea of picking a romantic location to propose has fallen by the wayside, with the typical ‘Will you marry me?’ now most likely to take place at home.
连选一个浪漫求婚地点的想法也乏人问津了。那句经典的“你愿意嫁给我么?”大多是在家里说出来的。
十大热门求婚地点 猜猜第一名是哪里?
Only six percent bothered to take their partner abroad on holiday – but the same number of men proposed in the local pub – and 5.5% popped the question in the car.
只有6%的人会花心思把他们的伴侣带到国外度假然后求婚，但是也有6%的男性在当地酒吧就求了婚，还有5.5%在汽车上求婚。
The study also found the average amount of time in a relationship before a proposal is now three years – so British women are taking matters into their own hands in a bid to get a proposal.
研究还发现求婚前平均恋爱时间是三年，所以英国女性们都会自己想办法让他们的伴侣向他们求婚。
Almost a third of women 29% now end up choosing their own ring, rather than letting their partner decide.
约有三分之一(29%)的女性现在连戒指都是自己选，而不是让他们的伴侣选。
The typical bride-to-be will also enlist the help of at least one friend to help speed up a proposal – as well as dropping two major engagement hints to encourage their partner to pop the question.
一般准新娘也会至少让一个朋友帮忙推进求婚的进程，比如抛出两个重要的关于订婚的暗示来鼓动伴侣早些求婚。
Casually asking ‘Who would you want as your best man?’, commenting on celebrities' engagement rings - and jokingly suggesting you apply for the TV show ‘Don't Tell the Bride’ are the most common tactics.
不经意间问他们“你想找谁当伴郎?”，评论一下名人的订婚戒指，还会开玩笑建议你去参加电视节目《新娘不得知》，这些都是最常用的技巧。
十大热门求婚地点 猜猜第一名是哪里?
Lorna Haddon, diamond ring and jewellery buyer at Beaverbrooks who commissioned the study of 1,500 newlyweds, commented: "The stresses and strains of modern life mean we don’t always have the time to be as romantic as we would perhaps like to be.
比弗布鲁克公司的钻戒及珠宝买手洛娜?哈顿负责此次针对1500位新婚夫妇的调查。她表示：“现代生活的压力和负担意味着我们不是总有时间像期望中的那么浪漫。”
"Busy lives and hectic schedules mean we have fewer hours in the day for romance – however our study shows women do still want the ‘picture perfect proposal’ – and it's not only picking the perfect engagement ring that counts.
“忙碌的生活和紧张日程表意味着我们一天中没有那么多时间来浪漫，然而我们的研究显示女性仍然希望有一场‘十全十美的求婚’。挑选完美的订婚戒指并不只是唯一重要的环节。”
“The location, atmosphere and little details that mean a lot to them really make a proposal personal and truly special, and as it’s a once in a lifetime occasion it’s well worth making the effort."
“地点、环境和一些小细节对她们来说十分重要，这也能使求婚更具个人特色，也更特别。求婚是人生一次的大事，值得好好花心思准备。”
十大热门求婚地点 猜猜第一名是哪里?
Top 10 modern proposal destinations
十大现代求婚地点
1. At home – 49%
1. 家中-49%
2. On a day out – 7%
2. 出门约会-7%
3. On holiday abroad – 6%
3. 出国度假-6%
4. The local pub – 6%
4. 当地酒吧-6%
5. On holiday in the UK – 5%
5. 国内度假-6%
6. In the car – 5.5%
6. 车内-5.5%
7. At a restaurant – 4.5%
7. 餐厅-4.5%
8. In the garden – 2%
8. 花园-2%
9. On the beach – 2%
9. 沙滩-2%
10. In a Hotel – 1%
10. 酒店-1%
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