12月英语四级阅读真题及参考答案
四级阅读的难度貌似每年都会有所提升，所以考试备考时一定不能缺少真题复习，掌握考点大致方向，下面是小编整理的关于12月英语四级阅读真题及参考答案的内容，仅供参考，欢迎阅读借鉴!
2019年12月英语四级阅读真题
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on thefollowing passage.
The fifth largest city in US passed a significantsoda tax proposal that will levy (征税)1.5 centsper liquid ounce on distributors.
Philadelphil's new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a newbar for similar initiatives across the country. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks canwin substantial support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city tosuccessfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in 2014.
The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with adder sugar, such as Gatorade and iced teas. It's expected to raise 0 million over the next fiveyears, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program forthe city.
While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents tothe measure, including soda lobbyists, made sharp criticisms and a promise tochallenge the tax in court.
"The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages — including low —and no-caloriechoices," said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association. "Butmost importantly, it is against the law. So we will side with the majority of the people ofPhiladelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it."
An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a "grocery tax".
Public health groups applauded the approved tax as step toward fixing certain lastinghealth issues that plague Americans. "The move to recapture a small part of the profitsfrom an industry that pushed a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heartdisease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure beinspirational to many other places," said Jim Krieger, executive director of HealthyFood America. "indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. It's not 'justBerkeley' anymore."
Similar measures in California's Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado's Boulderare becoming hot-button issues. Health advocacy groups have hinted that even moremight be coming.
46. What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?
A) It will change the lifestyle of many consumers.
B) It may encourage other US cities to fllow suit.
C) It will cut soda consumption among low-income communities.
D) It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda business.
47. What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?
A) Bargain with the city council.
B) Refuse to pay additional tax.
C) Take legal action against it.
D) Try to win public support.
48. What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?
A) It tried to arouse hostile felings among consumers.
B) It tried to win grocers' support against the measure.
C) It kept sending ltters of protest to the media.
D) It criticized the measure through advertising.
49. What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?
A) Alert people to the risk of sugar-induced diseases.
B) Help people to fix certain long-time health issues.
C) Add to the fund for their rescarch on discases.
D) Benefit low-income people across the country.
50. What do we lear about similar measures concening the soda tax in some other citics?
A) They are becoming rather sensitive issues.
B) They are spreading panic in the soda industry.
C) They are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced diseases.
D) They are taking away a lot of proft from the soda industry.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on thefollowing passage.
Popping food into the microwave for a couple ofminutes may seem utterly harmless, andEurope's stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7millioncars, a new study has found, and the problem is growing. With costs falling and kitchenappliances becoming "status" users, owners are throwing many microwave after anaverage of eight years. This is pushing sales of new microwave which are expected toreach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the decade.
A study by the University of Manchester worked out the emissions of carbon dioxide -- the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change -- at every stage ofmicrowaves, from manufacture to waste disposal. "It is electricity consumption bymicrowaves that has the biggest impact on the environment," say the authors, whoalso calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same asthose from a car. According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption shouldfocus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour to use appliances moreefficiently. For example, electricity consumption by microwaves can be reduced byadjusting the time of cooking to the type of food."
However, David Reay, professor of carbon management argues that, althoughmicrowaves use a great deal of enery, their emissions are minor compared to those fromcars. In the UK alone and these emit way more than all the emissions from microwavesin the EU. Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69mtonnes of CO2 in 2015. This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven studyestimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the whole of the EU." further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of cooking. Amongcommon kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energyefficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, rising microwave salescould be seen as a positive thing.
51. What is the finding of the new study?
A) Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more popular.
B) The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our health.
C) CO2 emissions constitute a major threat to the environment.
D) The use of microwaves emits more CO2 than people think.
52. Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?
A) They are becoming more afrdabla.
B) They have a shorter life cycle than other appliances.
C) They are gtting much easier to operate.
D) They take less tine to cook than other ppliaces.
53. What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?
A) Cooking food of dfferent varieties.
B) Improving microwave users' habits.
C) Eating less to cut energy consumption.
D) Using microwave ovens less frequently.
54. What does Professor David Reay try to argue?
A) There are far more emissions from cars than from microwaves.
B) People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less often.
C) The UK produces less CO2 than many other countries in the EU.
D) More data are needed to show whether microwaves are harmful.
55. What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?
A) It will become less popular in the coming decades.
B) It makes everyday cooking much more convenient.
C) It plays a positive role in envronmental protection.
D) It consumes more power than conventional cooking.
2019年12月英语四级阅读真题答案
Passage one
46.B
47.C
48.D
49.B
50.A
Passage two
51.D
52.A
53.B
54.A
55.C
大学英语四级考试语法
指示代词概说
表示"这个"、"那个"、"这些"、"那些"等指示概念的代词叫做指示代词。
指示代词有：this这个，that那个，these这些，those那些，it那个，这个，Such如此的，如此的事物，same同样的，同样的事物。
指示代词this，these，that，those在句中的功用
指示代词this，these，that，those在句中的用法相当于名词和形容词，可用作主语、表语、宾语和定语。如：
This is a plane，这是一架飞机。(作主语)
Oh，it's not that.噢，问题不在那儿。(作表语)
How do you like these?你喜欢这些吗?(作宾语)
This book is about Chinese traditional medicine.这是一本关于中医的书。(作定语)
指示代词ins，these，that， those的其它用法
1)This (these)常用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物，that(those)则常用来指时间或空间上较远的事物。如：
This is a sickle and that is an axe.这是一把镰刀，那是一把斧子。
These days are cold.这些天很冷。
In those days the poor people had a hard time.在那些日子里，穷人生活很苦。
2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this和these则指下面将要讲到的事物。如：
I had a bad cold. That's why I didn't come.我伤风很厉害，所以我没有来。
Those two statements are not true.那两种说法是不真实的。
What I want to say is this：Pronunciation is very important in learning English.我所要说的是：语音在英语学习中非常重要。
chairman Mao honoured Lin Hulan with these words："A great life A glorious death"用下面的话表彰刘胡兰："生的伟大，死的光荣。"
3)有时为了避免重复提到过的名词，常可用that或those代替。如：
The climate of shenyang is just as good as that of Beijing. 沈阳的气候跟北京的一样好。(that代替climate)
The county's grain output of 1981 was double that of 1970.这个县1987年的粮食产量比1980年增加一倍。(that代替grain output)
Television sets made in Nanjing are just as good as those made in Shanghai.南京出产的电视机和上海的一样好。(those代替television sets)
4)This和that有时作状语用，表示"程度"，意谓"这么"和"那么"。如：
The book is about this thick.那本书大约有这么厚。
I don't want that much.我不要那么多。
It指人时亦用作指示代词。指示代词it在汉语中不必译出。
如：
Who is it?――it's me.是谁?--是我。
Oh, it's you，Lao Wang.哦，是你呀，老王。
英语四级阅读理解技巧
不管是英语还是语文阅读理解，我们首先都应该先读标题(可能没有)和题目，然后带着问题读文章。
泛读文章，把文章大意过一遍，了解文章大致内容讲些什么。着重阅读文章每一段的首尾部分，因为首尾部分就是该段的主题。
读完大段落后，就要开始精读了，精读中碰到读不懂的句子，首先找到主谓宾，把一些状语、补语等一些附加成分忽略不计，这样就比较容易理解。
做题目的时候，首先就是排除干扰项，然后根据文章意思再次排除，最后选择答案。
阅读理解的最后一题通常会让你选出哪个是正确的或者哪个是错误的，一定要看清题目。
最后，四级的英语阅读偏向于议论文和说明文，也可能会出现时事新闻的文章，平时可以多看看一些国外的报纸、杂志等等。
大学英语四级阅读理解三大类题型解题技巧
英语四级考试在即，其中仔细阅读主要包涵三个题型，细节题、段落题及全文题。
首先，细节题。
细节题的特征如下：1.题干出现文中具体的人、概念、时间等，2.题干重现文中某句的信息，3.直接问某句某词或短语的意思。
细节题题解题技巧如下：
1.局限定位：在做题时一定要找准题干定位词，定位至句找出答案。
2.三句原则：如果在定位句中找不出答案，在定位句前后找找，一般答案不会出这三句。
3.正选优先：识别正确选项特征。好多学生看到这种说法可能会比较迷茫，下面我们一起来看一下英语四级仔细阅读正确选项及错误选项的特征。
四级阅读细节题正确选项的特征：
1.对应：选项对应自文中某句的信息，不含推理、无凭空臆想、忌照搬常识。
2.改写：选项进行同义改写，没有大量照抄原文或者选项进行了同义词替换、句式变换、合理概括归纳。
四级阅读细节题错误选项的特征：
1.对应错误：选项文章未提及或文章提及，但答非所问。
2.改写错误：选项与原文相反、偷换原文概念、拼凑无关信息或与原文有偏差、过于绝对。
第二，段落题。
段落题特征如下：题干问整段大意、或从整段归纳及推理;题干只能定位至段、无法更细;题干问的某信息在某段中出现多次。
四级仔细段落题解题技巧如下：
1.找出段落重点句：段落重点局一般在段首、段末或者段中出现转折的话后面一句话，这几个地方出现有限信息的概率比较大。
2.找出段落话题词：段落话题次就是段中重现多次的词。
3.选项定位法(模糊的题)：讲选项带回段中定位、比对，选出最佳答案。
最后，全文题。
全文题的特征是：题干问全文大意、全文意图、作者整体态度等，题干某信息全文分散出现多次，出现在最后一题，且定位模糊。
全文题的解题技巧如下：
1.开篇方式定中心：根据文章的开篇方式确定文章中心。直叙型/转折型/问答型/举例型。
2.串联各段整中心：整合各段首句、话题，根据这些内容总结出文章中心。
3.巧用别题猜中心：利用前面题目的信息推测中心。
4.正确答案靠中心：议论文主要考文章的话题、态度，说明文主要靠文章的对象、特征。
全文题大家比较容易过度推断或者遗漏条件，同学们在做这类提目时千万不要凭空猜测，一定要根据原文，做到有理可依。
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